利用詮釋資料建立網際網路地理資料庫的分享與流通環境

網際網路的發展讓數值地理資料更容易分享與流通，網路地理資訊系統的普及，讓使用者能更方便的取得詳實的地理資料。但地理資料的複雜性，卻讓使用者不易瞭解其內容，嚴重者甚至誤用資料，造成決策判斷上的錯誤。此外，地理資料分散在各級政府單位、學術單位、及私人機構，各單位組織整理資料與檢索的方式有很大的差異，使用者很難全面掌握各單位的資料內容，造成使用上極大的困擾。因此本文探討如何利用詮釋資料，建立地理資訊庫的分享與流通環境。本文首先介紹美國聯邦政府地理詮釋資料的CSDGM標準、內涵，以及詮釋資料的建構工具，並介紹國內地理詮釋資料的發展現況。另外，說明本文作者所發展的兩套地理詮釋資料建構工具，可以提供各資料單位著錄之用，並對國內地理資料的分享與流通機制提出建議。

關鍵字

詮釋資料；地理資訊系統；網際網路

並列摘要

Internet provides a convenient environment to share geographic information. Web GIS (Geographic Information System) even provides users a direct access environment to geographic databases through Internet. However, the complexity of geographic data makes it difficult for users to understand the real content and the limitation of geographic information. In some cases, users may misuse the geographic data and make wrong decisions. Meanwhile, geographic data are distributed across various government agencies, academic institutes, and private organizations, which make it even more difficult for users to fully understand the content of these complex data. To overcome these difficulties, this research uses metadata as a guiding mechanism for users to fully understand the content and the limitation of geographic data. We introduce three metadata standards commonly used for geographic data and metadata authoring tools available in the US. We also review the current development of geographic metadata standard in Taiwan. Two metadata authoring tools are developed in this research, which will enable users to build their own geographic metadata easily.