大學學費政策觀點的多元呈現

大專院校學費調整問題近年來成為常態性的爭議焦點，其中牽涉複雜的學校營運、市場競爭、社會公平以及全球化等議題，在教育所戮力追求的成果中，學費是牽一髮而動全身的重要因素，學費的調整足以影響整個教育的生態與成果，尤其在社會公平或是破除階級複製上影響尤鉅，因此需要謹慎的探討與縝密的考量，務求在學校營運、競爭力以及社會公平等方面達到較佳的和諧，兼籌並顧。本文首先介紹大專院校學費爭議的歷史緣起，讓大家對大學學費政策轉變的過程有所了解，再透過背景的掌握，對不同立場與觀點的說法進行理解與批判。文中研究者將大學學費政策的觀點分為五類進行闡釋，大學卓越發展觀點側重於大學經營困境以及對資源殷切需求的立論；自由市場競爭觀點則探討自由市場概念用於大學學費鬆綁以及透過自由競爭確保大學教育品質的可行性；社會公平與正義觀點則由照顧弱勢，打破階級複製的觀點切入，以分析台灣高等教育學費政策走向；國際競爭的觀點則由全球化高等教育競爭的環境切入，探討學費政策對台灣高等教育在世界舞台上競爭力的影響。最後綜合學者們的討論以及觀點的比較，提出針對大學學費爭議可供進一步探討的解決做法，以為參考。

關鍵字

高等教育；學費政策；教育政策

並列摘要

Tuition policy has become a kind of serious debate today. This issue contains lots of complicated factors, including school management, marketing, social equality, and globalization. Tuition policy is so important that can change education environment and production. We must pay more attention to the function and influence of tuition policy on social justice maintaining. Therefore we need to take a close look at this issue. We should find a balance and practical way to deal with this question. In this article, I would introduce the history of tuition policy in the very beginning. With the background knowledge, I will introduce different views and opinions about this issue. These different stands include college development, free marketing competition, social equality and justice, and international competition of higher education. Then I will offer some useful suggestions to try to solve this debatable question.