國民小學教師心智模式量表之編製及模式之驗證研究

The Development and Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Mental Model Scale for Elementary School Teachers

鮑世青(Shyh-Ching Baw) ； 李安明(An-Min Li)

《學校行政》 82期 (2012/11) Pp. 111-143

https://doi.org/10.6423/HHHC.201211.0111

摘要

本研究旨在探討國民小學教師心智模式並發展量表。先採質性研究訪談44位教師據以編製量表，以抽樣1197份問卷，經適配度檢證確立模式結構。研究發現如下：1. 影響心智模式形成的因素有學習成長、批判思考、環境互動、專業歷練、角色扮演與工作體驗。2. 心智模式因素有主觀的快樂、受信任的感受、控制的意圖、經驗的管理、受信任的需求、接受現實、群己關係感受、受尊重的感受與自我的視角。3.量表具良好內在信度與效度，整體模式適配度佳。4. 整體心智模式因素反應為中上的水準，其中以主觀的快樂、經驗的管理、受信任的需求與受尊重的感受呈現高的水準。5. 心智模式因素在性別、服務年資與擔任職務方面呈現顯著差異。最後，根據研究結果，針對教育實務與後續研究提出建議。

關鍵字

國民小學教師 ； 心智模式 ； 驗證性因素分析

並列摘要

The purpose of this thesis is based on using common consciousness to explore mental model of elementary school teachers, and developing a scale for measuring it.A two-stage research approach was adopted. In the first stage, literature and related data were reviewed; in-depth interview and semi-structured questionnaire were used to collect data from 44 teachers. The collected data was used to develop a questionnaire used in the second stage.In the second stage, a pretest of the questionnaire was conducted to eliminate inappropriate items, and exploratory factor analysis was performed. Then the final questionnaire was administered to collect data from 1197 teachers. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the goodness of fit, reliability, and validity of the questionnaire.Based on the results, the research proposes the following conclusion:1. According to the qualitative research, 6 factors that influence the formation of mental model were found. These factors are ”learning and growth experience”, ”critical thinking experience”, ”environment interaction experience”, ”professional development experience”, ”role-play experience” and ”work experience”.2. Nine factors in 35 items were found to affect mental model of elementary school teachers. These factors are ”subjective happiness”, ”feeling of being trusted”, ”need to be in control”, ”experience management”, ”need to be trusted”, ”acceptance of reality”, ”relationship between self and group”, ”feeling of being respected”, and ”personal view”.3. The analysis results suggested that the scale featured a high level of goodness of fit, reliability, and validity. Hence, the scale could be a reference or a tool for test mental model of elementary school teachers.4. The overall level of elementary school teachers' mental model factors are above average. The performance of the level on ”subjective happiness”, ”experience management”, ”need to be trusted” and ”feeling of being respected” are the highest among all of the 9 factors.5. Elementary school teachers' mental model factors are varies with their gender, years of service and the positions. According to the major findings and conclusions of the research, suggestions are offered for educational practice and further researchers' reference.

並列關鍵字

elementary school teachers ； mental models ； confirmatory factor analysis

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