This paper aims to analyze the school administration profession, operations and the possible dilemma and breakthrough strategies. Firstly, there is an overview of challenges and dilemmas of school administration. Secondly, it analyzes the dilemma and breakthrough of the professional development of school administration. Thirdly, it discusses the analysis of the dilemma and breakthrough of the administrative power operation of schools, and fourthly, analyzes the dilemma and breakthrough of the research of school administration. Finally, there is a conclusion of this research.