專業的迷思？「正式」與「代課」教師二元分立的社會實踐

近年受到少子化的衝擊，各縣市國中小顧慮聘任過多正式教師無法因應日漸嚴重的少子化衝擊，採取寧可聘「代課」也不聘「正式」的因應方式，這使現今中小學校園有越多越多的代課教師。目前中小學校園的就像是「一個學校，兩個世界」，也就是一所學校出現兩種教師，一種是正式教師，另一種則是代課教師。學校教師區分為「正式／代課教師」的二元分立的結構關係，在這樣的結構下對於代課教師而言，充滿了許多社會的不公平。本研究以台南地區一所公立國中的代課教師作為研究對象，採用深度訪談與參與觀察蒐集質性文本資料，從專業社會學角度分析教師專業，探究「正式／代課教師」的二元分立的結構關係建立；在深入檢視之外，也對未來研究指出可能的方向。

關鍵字

代課教師；專業社會學；少子化

並列摘要

For the past few years, the low of fertility has influenced appointments of teachers. To avoid the problem of redundant teachers caused by low fertility, almost all the elementary schools and junior high schools in different cities would rather hire substitute teachers than regular ones. As a result, there are more and more substitute teachers appointed on campus nowadays. The phenomenon of ＂one school but two different worlds＂ is common on campus today. That is, two kinds of teachers, regular teachers and substitute teachers, both exist in the same school. Teachers are divided into either regular teachers or substitute teachers based on the dual structuresimultaneously. However, under this structure, substitute teachers are confronted with many social injustices. The subjects of present research are the substitute teachers of a public junior high school in Tainan. The data were collected by in-depth interview and the observation of qualitative texts. We analyze teacher professionalism from the perspective of professional sociology, investigate the development of the dual structure of regular teachers versus substitute teachers, and examine this phenomenon.