圖釋陽明心學

Illustration on Wang Yangming's Philosophy of Mind

王立文(Lin-Wen Wang)

《佛學與科學》 10卷2期 (2009/07) Pp. 51-56

https://doi.org/10.30162/BS.200907.0003

摘要

明代大儒王陽明生平多波折，曾在貴州龍場悟道。他提出自己針對格物致知的看法，並強調致良知，推崇大學之道在明明德，在親民，在止於至善。本人發現陽明先生尊孔孟習佛老，表面看相當駁雜，淺嚐時覺得他忽儒忽釋或忽道，似在三系統間跳躍，但將其與梁乃崇提出之修行座標圖稍作對應與調整，竟看出陽明先生其實自有一套系統，茲將此新修行座標圖與傳習錄中的名言警句對照，陽明心學不難豁然貫通，陽明心學的修行座標圖，Y軸代表自性的開展，X軸代表法性的開展，自性開展順序是正心、誠意、致知，法性開展順序是修身、齊家、治國、平天下，兩者發展到極致，就達到了至善的境界。

關鍵字

大學 ； 至善 ； 心學

並列摘要

Wang Yangming, a Confucius sage of the Ming Dynasty, had a turbulent life and got enlightenment at Longchang of Kweichow. He presented his own views of ”investigating things and extending knowledge to the utmost” with emphasis on ”returning to self-consciousness” and high value on ”Great Learning” which is to publish righteousness that are of light, so that all can understand it; to treat people as family members; and aim at perfect goodness. This author found that Mr. Yangming not only venerated Confucius and Mencius but also engaged in the study of Buddhist and Taoist philosophy, which superficially appears sophisticated to make one feel at the very beginning that he was now Confucianism, now Buddhism and now Taoism, leaping among these three systems. However, when correlating his philosophy with the Practice Coordinate Graphic by Professor Liang NaiChung and making some adjustments, one would discover that there is a natural knowledge system developed by Mr. Yangming. Making a comparison between the new Practice Coordinates Graphic by Professor Liang and the proverbs from The Record of Teaching and Practising by Mr. Yangming, one would suddenly realizes the Yangming's Philosophy of Mind, which the author transforms as a Practice Coordinate Graphic with Y axis standing for the extension of self-nature and X axis for the extension of Dharma-nature. The sequences of the extension of selfnature are to make one's mind right, intention pure, conscience good, and those of the extension of Dharma-nature are rectifying the mind, regulating the family and giving peace to the country. When both of self-nature and Dharma-nature reach an utmost development, one is in the status of ultimate goodness.

並列關鍵字

Great Learning ； Perfect Goodness ； Philosophy of Mind