Anti-Metastatic Action of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

非類固醇抗發炎藥物之抗腫瘤轉移作用

洪文俊(Wen-Chun Hung)

《The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences》 24卷8期 (2008/08) Pp. 392-397

摘要

流行病學研究顯示非類固醇抗發炎藥物可降低數種癌症的罹患率及死亡率；然而，非類固醇抗發炎藥物如何發揮其化學預防與抗癌作用之分子機制尚未清楚。第一及第二型環氧化酶是非類固醇抗發炎藥物主要之標靶；最近研究發現第二型環氧化酶在許多腫瘤組織均會過度表現，同時可經由(1)刺激癌細胞增生，(2)增加腫瘤血管新生，(3)降低癌細胞凋亡，(4)勁調節免疫反應及(5)增進癌症轉移以促使腫瘤生成。可預期的，非類固醇抗發炎藥物可能藉由抑制這些步驟以減少癌症發生。在此綜論，我們討論非類固醇抗發炎藥物之抗癌機制，尤其深入闡釋這些藥物如何抑制癌症轉移。

關鍵字

癌症 ； 轉移 ； 非類固醇抗發炎藥物 ； 腫瘤形成

並列摘要

Epidemiological studies suggest that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce the incidence and mortality of several types of human cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms by which NSAIDs exert their chemopreventive and anticancer effects are not fully understood. Cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and COX-2 are the main targets for NSAIDs. Recent studies demonstrate that COX-2 is overexpressed in many human cancers and may promote tumorigenesis via: (1) stimulation of cancer cell proliferation; (2) increase of tumor angiogenesis; (3) prevention of cancer cell apoptosis; (4) modulation of immunoregulatory reactions; and (5) enhancement of tumor metastasis. NSAIDs may target the signaling molecules (from upstream activators to downstream effectors) involved in these mechanisms to attenuate the development and progression of cancer. In this review, we discuss the recent findings with regard to the mechanisms by which NSAIDs inhibit tumorigenesis and will specifically focus on the elucidation of NSAID-induced inhibition of tumor metastasis.

並列關鍵字

cancer ； metastasis ； nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ； NSAIDs ； tumorigenesis