日本泡沫經濟崩解後,其金融業有十多年的時間被持續增加的不良債權所擾,政府也陸續推動數波金融改革,以挽救頹圮之勢。在一連串的改革後,日本金融業的轉機逐漸浮現,全國經濟景況亦隨之好轉,近年來的經濟成長更令其他國家刮目相看。在蛻變過程中,不僅牽動著政府的擘畫視野與金融機構的改革決心,也促進了法制架構的汰換更新,而此諸變革在在都是觀察日本近年來金融改革的重點所在。 有鑑於彼邦的改革成效有目共睹,本文擬先就政策面探究日本如何從金融危機中邁出改革步伐,並分析近年來所啟動的金融改革內容;進一步再由法制面觀察,探討改革歷程中的法制發展變革,並闡析相關修正重點。或許尚不足以全窺日本近年來之金融改革全貌,但深信藉由此諸面向的觀察與認知,必能夠對其改革軌跡與歷程有所瞭解,或有助於我國未來在相關法制改革上之啟發。
Financial institutions are very important organisations in the modern society. These institutions play the vital role of intermediating funds from savers to borrowers to facilitate the functioning of modern society. Since the end of 1996 Japan has started a serious reform package to further eliminate existing inefficiencies and remove number of barriers within the financial sector of the country. With the implementation of these reform programmes it was expected to match other developed countries and make the financial system a modern and vibrant one. Taking this background into account, the objective of this study is two fold. Firstly, the background to reforms of Japanese financial regulatory scheme in recent years. Secondly, significant areas of current reforms of regulations abount banking, securities, and trust enterprise sectors in Japan will be examined. By analyzing and comparing experiences on Japan in these reforms of regulatory scheme, we would learn some lessons for reference.