本文參酌Shrieves and Dahl(2003)模型,探討在不同環境下,台灣銀行業盈餘管理行為之差異性,實證結果顯示,銀行業之盈餘管理行為確實受到不同時期環境因素影響。1.在國內開放民營銀行設立初期(第一期1993年至1997年),新設銀行為提高獲利表現,故當非裁決性盈餘下降時,經理人積極認列有價證券買賣利得以提高盈餘。此外當銀行所持有之有價證券越多,經理人越容易運用有價證券買賣損益操弄盈餘。此結果與Beatty et al.(2002)之結論一致。2.壞帳費用提列與非裁決性盈餘呈顯著正向關係,此乃因1998年本土金融風暴爆發(第二期1998年至2001年),逾放比率持續升高,在主管機關限期改善資產品質之要求下,銀行盈餘越高時,經理人越會積極增提呆帳費用,以打消壞帳。此結果與沈中華(2005)之結論一致,證實經理人會以壞帳費用操弄盈餘。3.三個不同研究期間(1993-2006),非裁決性盈餘與放款成長率呈顯著正相關,此結果與Agarwal et al.(2007)之實證相符,說明盈餘增加使得銀行資金更為充裕,銀行業者可積極拓展放款業務。
This study used Shrieves and Dahl (2003) model to analysis Taiwan banks' earning management behavior under different environments. The empirical studies are demonstrated as follow: 1. The gain or loss of sales of securities (GAINSit) is negatively related to the nondiscretionary earning (ROIit), indicating that bank mangers employed the gain or loss of sales of securities to smooth their earnings reports in face of reducing earning in the first period (before Asia Financial Crisis, 1993-1997). The gain or loss of sales of securities is influenced by the amount of securities hold (MSit) throughout 3 periods (1993-2006) that consistent with the analytical perspective proposed by Beatty et al (2002). 2. After the Asia Financial Crisis (1998-2001), the provision for loan loss (PROVit) is positively associated with the nondiscretionary earning (ROIit) indicating that banks increase the provision for loan loss to write off the default loan when the banks have higher earning. 3. The growth rate of loan (DLOANit) has a positive relationship with nondiscretionary earning (ROIit) throughout 3 periods (1993-2006) demonstrating that the earning increased the bank lending ability. The empirical results are consistent with the study of Agarwal et al (2007).