A Survey and Comparison of Fault-Tolerant Optical Crossconnects for All-Optical Networks

This paper surveys and compares a series of crossconnect architectures that supports fault tolerance and multicasting. First, a fault tolerant optical crossconnect (FTOXC) which can tolerate link, channel, and internal optical switch failures via spare optical channels, extra input/output (I/O) ports for an optical switch, and associated wavelength converters are introduced. Second, two different node architecture for multicasting and fault-tolerant optical crossconnect (MFOXC) are also presented for wavelength routed all-optical networks. Compared to the traditional optical crossconnect, They have the following two advantages: 1) the FTOXC node not only takes advantage of the power of wavelength conversion but also improves the capability of fault tolerance, and 2) the MFOXC node not only performs the multicasting efficiently but also improves the reliability significantly. They introduce a new feature (fault tolerance), keep the multicasting capability and can be used at some critical points in a network to improve the overall reliability and multicast performance. Furthermore, a fault tolerant wavelength routing algorithm (FTWRA) used in the normal/restored state is surveyed. The FTWRA can be applied to any all-optical network and can recover many types of failures. It can configure the number of working and spare channels in each output link based on the traffic demand. Finally, A global optimal setting of working and spare channels in each link can be found by formulating the problem as an integer linear program (ILP). The results show the number of working and spare channels in each link can be dynamically adjusted according to the traffic loads and the system reliability requirements.

並列關鍵字

Wavelength Routing ； Fault Tolerance ； Multicast ； All-optical Networks ； Wavelength Division Multiplexing ； Integer linear program

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