非同步應用層多徑合成視訊群播的頻寬分配

Bandwidth Allocation for Asynchronous Application-Level Multi-Path Video Streaming Multicast

楊宏昌(Hung-Chang Yang) ； 方冠智(Kuan-Chih Fang) ； 陳應南(Ying-Nan Chen) ； 柯佳宏(Chia-Hung Ko) ； 曾黎明(Li-Ming Tseng)

《網際網路技術學刊》 7卷2期 (2006/04) Pp. 153-160

https://doi.org/10.6138/JIT.2006.7.2.04

摘要

隨著個人電腦能力與網路頻寬的提升，網路影音多媒體串流的需求也隨之增加。在主從架構中(Client-server Architecture)，伺服器單獨提供影片頻寬給使用者。不過越來越多的使用者造成網路頻寬需求暴增與伺服器負載過大。針對使用者增加所帶來的問題，許多研究者提出群播(Multicast)技術來因應。然而群播技術必須建構在支援IP層群播(IP Multicast)的網路架構下，因此，當使用者以非同步(asynchronous)方式要求視訊服務，而真實網路上IP層群播未完善佈置時，應用層群播(Application-Layer Multicast)被提出來解決這個問題。
本篇論文主要考量使用者或同儕(peer)進入系統要求服務的先後順序來建構應用層群播，以支援在同儕式網路(Peer-to-Peer Network)上進行多媒體串流服務。雖然先前研究中亦有類似的因素考量，卻未能真正考慮在真實網路上每個同儕擁有不同網路頻寬的事實。我們的研究考量了同儕的頻寬及其頻寬分配問題，進而提出有效方法合成頻寬，使得要求服務的同儕得以平順地連續播放影片。為驗證本論文研究方法的效能，我們在各環境下進行模擬分析，結果顯示本研究方法能有效地降低網路頻寬的需求以及伺服器的負載。

關鍵字

應用層群播 ； 同儕式網路影音串流 ； 頻寬分配

並列摘要

As the growth of bandwidth of Internet, the delivery of multimedia stream increases too. In the popular client-server architecture, users requested for the multimedia service are all served by the server. As the growth of the users, the bandwidth of the server will be a serious problem. This is so called the bursty problem. Many previous multicast researches are proposed to handle the bursty problem. They are built on the assumption of IP-multicast. They use single stream to serve many synchronous requested user. But now the deployment of multicast faces a serious problem about the absence of IP-multicast. So the application-level multicast (or overlay multicast) are used as the alternative way to deploy the multicast service.
In this paper, we want to use the arrival time of the user to construct the application-level multicast. We use this application-level multicast to deploy the P2P streaming and to handle the asynchronous user requests. Different from the previous work not to limit peer bandwidth, we consider the allocation of the peer bandwidth to let users view multimedia smoothly and let our network link cost be low. We use simulation to analyze our method under several conditions.

並列關鍵字

Application-level multicast ； Peer-to-peer Streaming ； Bandwidth Allocation