隱藏於歷史與鄉土中的自我－李昂《自傳の小說》與朱天心《古都》

The Hidden Self in History and Hometown: On Li Ong's Autobiography-Fiction and Chu Tian-Xien's The Ancient City

呂正惠(Cheng-Hue Lui)

《臺灣文學學報》 2期 (2001/02) Pp. 179-190

https://doi.org/10.30381/BTL.200102_(2).0007

摘要

自從「台灣意識」隨著黨外政治運動在七○年代逐漸興起以後，各種「台灣人」的身份認同成為大家矚目的焦點，政治活動和公共論述幾乎都圍繞這一焦點來展開。在文學創作的範疇裡，「認同」問題也同樣成為作家意識的核心。
本文想要藉由近兩年所發表的兩部小說－－朱天心的《 古都 》和李昂的《 自傳の小說 》，來探討「認同」文學的晚近趨向。晚近的「認同」文學向我們展示了：隱藏在認同「政治」的表面下，也許更深刻、更根本的是關於「自我」的問題。從表面來看，《自傳の小說》與《古都》真是迥不相伴，一個充滿情慾，一個純淨的抒情，相去不可以道理計。但，在無法並比的表面下，卻表現了某種同質性：「我」在現在的「錯置」。在《自傳の小說》裡，「歷史」的追尋是為了印證「女性自我」在現在的難隊存在；而在 《古都》 裡，被重塑的「鄉土」則是為了襯托「自我」的迷失。兩者似乎都不再肯定「大論述」、認同「大論述」，只剩下「自我」。這可以解釋成為「後現代」現象，但也許更顯示了，二十年來台灣流行的那個「大論述」，似已在敏感的心靈中留下一些困惑，或者造成某種轉化的契機。

關鍵字

李昂 ； 朱天心 ； 自傳の小說 ； 古都 ； 認同 ； 自我 ； 鄉土

並列摘要

Along with the rise of the Anti-KMT political movement in the seventies, the 'Taiwanese Consciousness' and the various forms of identity of the 'Taiwanese' become the most popular themes in the political and public discourses. In the field of literature, the question of 'Identity' is the main concern of writers as well.
In order to discuss the current development of the 'Identity Literature', I take the latest two novels as examples: one is Li Ong's(李昂) Autobiography-Fiction(《自傳小說》), the other is Chu TianXien's(朱天心) The Ancient City(《古都》). The latest 'Identity Literature' reveals to us that although hidden beneath the surface of the 'identity politics', the theme of the 'Self' is rather the core of the subject. On the one hand, Autobiography-Fiction is quite different from The Ancient City in the perspective of style. The former is erotic, while the later is lyrical. On the other hand, however, the two works have something in common: the here and now 'displacement' of the 'Self'. In Autobiography-Fiction, the search for ‘History’ is to prove that 'the self of female' is hard to exist nowadays; in The Ancient City, the reconstruction of the images of 'Hometown'(鄉土) symbolizes the lost of the 'Self'. Both of the two novelists seem not to affirm and identify 'the grand narrative', and leave the question of the 'Self unresolved. It might be interpreted as a 'postmodern' phenomenon, but it rather represents that the dominant 'grand narrative' for the past two decades in Taiwan seems to confuse these sensitive minds, or turn out to be a chance for the conversion of the self-identity.

並列關鍵字

Li Ong ； Chu Tian-Xien ； Autobiography-Fiction ； The Ancient City ； Identity ； Self ； Hometown