跨界選擇非傳統性別科系的性別角色與社會期望及其影響之研究

台灣近年來愈來愈強調性別平權的重要性，使得過去傳統「男理工，女人文」的傳統觀念逐漸瓦解。隨著性別平權與教育機會均等理念的興起，使得女性受教育的機會隨之提升，直至2006年台灣大專生的男女比例為49.8：50.2，已達受教機會均等。但是從教育部2016大專校院概況統計發現，社會服務學門、工程學門及軍警國防學門為現行科系選擇中的非傳統科系，也就是說這三個學門的相同性別比例少於30%。因此，本研究將探討非傳統科系中學生的性別角色與社會期望之間的差異。針對南部某國立大學中社會服務學門的社會福利學系男學生與工程學門的機械學系女學生各3名作為訪談對象，從中瞭解非傳統科系學生如何跨過性別界線，最後提出結論與建議。

關鍵字

社會期待；性別角色；非傳統科系選擇

並列摘要

In recent years the importance of gender equality has been increasingly addressed in Taiwan, and this has changed past traditional concepts of ＂Men in the Departments of Science and Women in the Departments of Humanities＂ in college education. With the rise of the concepts of gender equality and equality of opportunity in education, women's access to education has been gradually enlarged. By 2006, the male-female ratio of Taiwan's college students was 49.8: 50.2, showing the equal opportunities for the right to education. However, the 2016 college statistics by the Ministry of Education found that social service departments and engineering departments, as well as military and national defense departments, continued as in the past. In other words, the same gender ratio for the disadvantaged gender is less than 30%. Therefore, this article investigates the differences between gender roles and social expectations among college students in non-traditional majors. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with three male students from the department of social welfare and three female students from the department of mechanical engineering in a national university in southern Taiwan. These data analyses displayed how they crossed the gender boundary. In the end, the conclusions and policy suggestions were presented.