The Relationship between Person-Group Fit and Role Performance: An Example from the Nursing Profession

個人群體配適度與角色表現的關係：以護理人員爲例

林增玉(Tseng-Yu Lin) ； 溫金豐(Jin-Feng Uen) ； 鄧卉君(Huei-Chun Teng) ； 吳亭(Ting Wu)

《醫務管理期刊》 10卷4期 (2009/12) Pp. 232-251

https://doi.org/10.6174/JHM2009.10(4).232

摘要

目的：在醫療產業中，護理人員面臨著不可預期的工作需求。護理站中，護理人員之間頻繁的配合和協調是必要的；此外，所屬的工作群體能滿足護理人員的需要和偏好也是相當重要的。本研究的目的是探討個人群體配適度與護理人員角色表現的關係。
方法：我們採用問卷調查的方式收集資料，並使用層級迴歸分析檢驗研究假設。以台灣地區北、中、南、東的11家醫院爲研究樣本，分別收集141位護理人員與38位護理長的資料。
結果：分析結果顯示，個人群體配適度對角色內行爲、脈絡績效和服務導向的組織公民行爲有顯著的正向影響。
結論：三個研究假設獲得支持，我們依據研究發現提出相關意涵。護理長應該時時關心所屬護理站的情況，進而在召募和雇用上做正確的決策。除此之外，護理長可以依據資深的群體成員所提供的資料，建立一套屬於目前群體特性的剖析(status quo profile)，並且與可能會進入該群體的成員所描述的偏好剖析(preference profile)進行比較。依據比較的結果，這些潛在群體成員的個人群體配適度將可以作爲召募與甄選決策時的重要參考指標。

關鍵字

個人群體配適度 ； 角色內行為 ； 脈絡績效 ； 服務導向公民行為

並列摘要

Objectives: Nurses encounter unexpected job demands on a daily basis. Constant cooperation and coordination are needed in the nursing station; therefore, it is essential that employees' needs and preferences be addressed by their workgroups, and that the fit between employees and their workgroups be evaluated. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between person-group fit and nurses' role performance.
Methods: We collected data by employing a survey and then used hierarchical regression analysis to examine three hypotheses. Data were obtained from 141 nurses and 38 head nurses in eleven hospitals located in northern, central, southern, and eastern Taiwan.
Results: The results confirmed the hypotheses that person-group fit is positively associated with in-role behavior, contextual performance, and service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior.
Conclusions: Group leaders need to confer frequently with their groups, make correct decisions in terms of recruiting, staffing, job assignments and rotations, and avoid improper placements that may affect individual performance. In addition, group leaders should be able to construct a status quo profile of their group based on the profiles of senior members and compare it with the preference profiles of potential members. Determination of a potential member's person-group fit can be useful during the recruiting and hiring process.

並列關鍵字

Person-group fit ； in-role behavior ； contextual performance ； service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior

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