禽流感疫情對家禽養殖業者的社會、經濟及心理健康之相關研究

The Effect of the Avian Influenza Outbreak on the Socio-economic Status and Mental Health of Workers in the Domestic Poultry Industry in Taiwan

賴怡均(Yi-Chun Lai) ； 林恆慶(Herng-Ching Lin) ； 洪子仁(Tzu-Jen Hung) ； 呂至剛(Jyh-Gang Leu) ； 陳楚杰(Chu-Chieh Chen)

《醫務管理期刊》 13卷1期 (2012/03) Pp. 1-19

https://doi.org/10.6174/JHM2012.13(1).1

摘要

目的：探討禽流感可能的疫情爆發對家禽養殖業者社會、經濟的影響，及家禽養殖業者的心理健康狀況及其相關因素。方法：本研究採用結構式問卷進行全國性普查，母群體為中華民國96年度養雞協會及養鴨協會登記之養殖業者3,412人，其中養雞業者2,346人，養鴨業者1,066人，共寄發3.412份問卷，回收511份，有效樣本共496份，問卷回收率為14.54%，以SPSS14.0版套裝軟體進行資料處理與統計分析。結果：研究發現，在經濟層面方面，禽流感爆發對92.8%家禽養殖業者之工作造成影響，有82.3%業者自述其養殖之雞或鴨的銷售量有受到影響，62.6%業者回答其收入損失超過30%，74.5%業者認為其家庭所得的收入受到很大的影響，有38.7%業者覺得養雞養鴨工作沒什麼前景，另有高達97%家禽養殖業者認為一旦養殖場的家禽有得病死亡或遭撲殺時，政府應該要積極介入補償措施。在社會層面方面，與親友往來情形較好者、對禽流感感到害怕者、對家禽產業抱持不樂觀者其心理健康為高危險群的機率越高。此外，在家禽養殖人員心理健康狀況方面，有26.8%的受訪者心理健康狀況不佳。結論：禽流感疫情會減少業者的銷售量及收入，對前景的看法及對疫情的害怕與業者的心理健康有顯著相關，因此，建議政府應適度補償業者的財務損失、定期提供業者正確的疫情資訊，以減少業者心理的恐慌。

關鍵字

禽流感 ； 家禽養殖業者 ； 心理健康

並列摘要

Objective: To investigate the influence of the H5N1 breakout on workers in the poultry industry, specifically in terms of their socio-economic status, mental health, and other related factors.Method: The study design utilized a structured questionnaire. The study population included 3,412 registered poultry farm workers listed in records of the Poultry Association of the Republic of China (2,346 workers) and the Duck Association of the Republic of China (1, 066). Of the 3,412 questionnaires mailed out, 511 were returned. Of these 496 were valid; the response rate was 14.54%. The SPSS 14.0 statistical package was used for the analysis.Results: The results demonstrated that the H5N1 outbreak had major economic consequences for the poultry farming industry. Poultry workers responded that the industry was seriously affected by the H5N1 outbreak (＞90%), poultry sales volume significantly declined (＞80%), the industry suffered profit declines exceeding 30% (＞60%), and family income suffered (＞60 %). Respondents also felt that there was no future for the poultry farming industry (＞40%) and that the government should provide more compensation to industry participants to cover their losses (＞97%). The H5N1 outbreak also had a considerable social influence on poultry workers. Workers with few connections to other friends or relatives, those who feared H5N1, and those who were pessimistic regarding the future of the poultry industry had an increased risk of mental health problems. Additionally, a high proportion of subjects already had an unhealthy mental state (26.8%).Conclusions: The Avian Influenza Outbreak reduced the poultry industry's sales volume and revenue. There were also significant correlations with poultry workers' views about the future, fears about the epidemic, and mental health. We therefore recommend that the government should modestly compensate the industry for its financial losses, and, in order to minimize panic among poultry workers, provide prompt and accurate information about the epidemic.

並列關鍵字

Avian influenza ； Poultry industry workers ； Mental health

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