目的:從心理視角探討「正向老化」之四項指標(主觀幸福感、安適幸福感、生命意義感、及老化自我知覺)的預測因子及控制信念之緩衝效果。方法:採間隔半年的固定樣本(N=209)追蹤研究設計,結構性問卷收集資料。結果:迴歸分析發現,高齡者「家庭關懷」、「財務安全」、「休閒活動參與」、「身心健康」均可有效預測正向老化。「次級控制信念」則是「緩衝因子」,能降低心理健康不佳對主觀幸福感、安適幸福感、生命意義感、及老化自我知覺的衝擊。結論:本研究所發現之正向老化預測因子及次級控制信念的緩衝作用,可提供台灣高齡者成功達到「正向老化」的參考指引。
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of positive aging (i.e., subjective well-being, peace of mind, meaning in life, and positive aging self-perception) and the potential buffering effects of control beliefs from a psychological perspective. Methods: A two-wave panel design with a 6-month time interval (N=209) and structured questionnaire survey was conducted. Results: Multiple regression analyses revealed that health, financial safety, family care, and participation in leisure activities are significant predictors of positive aging. Moderated regression analyses showed that secondary control belief is a buffer that alleviated the deleterious effects of poor mental health on positive aging. Conclusions: Unraveling the predictors and potency of secondary control as a buffer will provide useful guidelines for the elderly to achieve positive aging.