摘要
目的：本研究以特定醫院為例，運用線性規劃尋找最佳各科床位分配方式，以提高床位利用率，得到最大利益。方法：取得個案醫院一般病床各床等床數、各科分配床數現況及108年7月至9月中每月住院人日、佔床率、平均單價、利潤率統計表，以這些資料為基礎，利用線性規劃求解。情境A以總佔床率不變下，求取最佳利益下各科床位分配；情境B以在醫院總床數不變下，滿足病患需求的最佳配置數分析，求取最大利益。結果：未重新分配床位前，該院7－9月總佔床率87.4%，總利潤111,192,849元，以情境A求得7－9月份在總佔床率不變下，總利潤增加9,692,933元。以情境B求得總佔床96.3%，利潤較未重分配床位前增加18,016,387元。結論：在全民健保制度下醫院為提升效率、降低成本，而有大型化的趨勢，加上民眾就醫沒有限制，造成許多口碑好醫療水準高的醫學中心，常有一床難求的窘境。以科學分析之方法，能提昇床位利用率、滿足民眾需求、並達到醫院營運的財務最佳目標。
並列摘要
Objectives: We aimed to rearrange the distribution of the number of beds between departments in a hospital by using linear programming to improve bed utilization and achieve the optimal profit. Methods: Our data were the total number of general beds by different classes in the hospital and in each department from July to September 2019, along with monthly inpatient days, occupancy rates, average income, and rate of profit statements. In scenario A, we determined the optimal profit from the distribution of the number of beds between departments based on the same number of inpatient days (occupancy rate) and the number of beds in the hospital. In scenario B, an occupancy rate below 100% and the same number of beds achieved the optimal profit. Results: Before modification, the occupancy rate was 87.4% with a total profit of NT$111,192,849 from July to September 2019. In scenario A, the total profit increased by NT$9,692,933, and in scenario B, the occupancy rate was 96.3% and the total profit increased by NT$18,016,387. Conclusions: Under the National Health Insurance program, hospitals have grown to improve efficiency and lower costs. In addition, no regulations exist for patients regarding the levels of hospital they can visit; thus, they tend to visit medical centers directly. This pattern of health care usage causes excessive demand on medical center beds. The use of scientific analysis may help improve bed utilization, meet patient demands, and achieve the optimal financial goal in hospital management.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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