醫療人員在新型冠狀病毒疫情下疲勞情形及工作壓力

目的：新型冠狀病毒疫情蔓延全球，醫療人員在照護上承受身心壓力，故本研究期望了解醫療人員在疫情期間的疲勞狀態、情緒困擾與工作壓力。方法：於中部某區域教學醫院進行橫斷式問卷調查以及質性訪談，問卷資料收集的研究變項包括人口學變項、職場疲勞量表、以及簡式健康量表，樣本採便利取樣方法。質性資料收集採深度訪談，以立意抽樣樣本，收集壓力源、因應方式，及針對疫情應變之建議。結果：有效問卷192份，女性161位（占83.9%），41-50歲87位（占45.3%），於2021年臺灣本土疫情緩和期，醫療人員在工作過度投入已達中度疲勞（52.7±13.7分），及輕度情緒困擾（7.5±3.9分），工作過度投入以31至60歲最明顯，每週工作時數超過56小時以上者投入程度最高；多變項線性迴歸模式中發現，每週工作時數亦影響工作過度投入狀況，子女數、睡眠時數對工作疲勞、服務對象疲勞、情緒困擾皆有影響。質性訪談則於疫情緩和期（2021/4/28-4/29）、全國疫情第三級警戒期（2021/5/27-6/10），各進行一次深度訪談，受訪者10位，共訪談20人次，發現隨著疫情升溫，工作壓力亦明顯增加。結論：彙整研究結果後，發現個案醫院在全國疫情第三級警戒期，需要適時介入以降低疲勞及壓力管理，故進行結構面與過程面的滾動式因應，提供安全安心的工作環境與支持，減緩醫療人員面對疫情的憂心。

關鍵字

新型冠狀病毒；醫療人員；職場疲勞；工作壓力；深度訪談

並列摘要

Objectives: As the COVID-19 pandemic spreads worldwide, healthcare workers were exposed to unknown carriers, leading to work under physical and mental stress. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the burnout, emotional burnout, and stress of healthcare workers during the pandemic. Methods: This study aimed to collect surveys and in-depth interviews. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a teaching hospital in central Taiwan. Demographic variables, an occupational burnout inventory, and 5-item brief symptom rating scale were included in the questionnaire. The in-depth interview was conducted to collect qualitative data. Qualitative data analysis was to assure healthcare workers' stressors and form suggestions for responding to the pandemic. Results: There were 192 questionnaires collected and included in data analysis, including 161 females (83.9%) and 87 of all participants (45.3%) aged 41 to 50. During the remission period of the pandemic in 2021, the study subjects had moderate burnout (52.7±13.7) and mild emotional burnout (7.5±3.9). Participants aged 31 to 60 reported higher levels of over-commitment to work and work engagement, especially those who worked more than 56 hours a week. In the multiple linear regression model, it was reported that the number of hours worked per week also impacted work engagement, while the number of children and sleep duration had impacted work-related burnout, client-related burnout, and emotional distress. We conducted in-depth interviews with 10 participants during the remission period (2021/4/28-4/29) and the nationwide Level 3 pandemic alert period (2021/5/27-6/10) and found that as the severity of the pandemic arose, staff's work stress also increased. Conclusions: After the research results were summarized, we conducted a rolling strategy in terms of structure and process to provide a safe and secure working environment and mental support, which is beneficial for healthcare workers to overcome the worries of the pandemic.

並列關鍵字

COVID-19 ； Healthcare Workers ； burnout, stress ； In-Depth Interviews

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