Noise and Related Events in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

某一新生兒加護病房之噪音分佈及其相關事件

張瑩如(Ying-Ju Chang) ； 林其和(Chyi-Her Lin) ； 林玲紅(Ling-Hung Lin)

《Acta Paediatrica Taiwanica》 42卷4期 (2001/08) Pp. 212-217

https://doi.org/10.7097/APT.200108.0212

摘要

本研究之目的為探討南部某一所大學附設醫院中新生兒加護病房(NICU)噪音之分佈情形及其與時間的關系，以及發生突發性高度噪音之頻率和相關來源。該NICU共有二個區域，一為靠近護理站之開放性區域A，另一則為遠离護理站約15公尺之開放性區B。研究方法是以數位式電子噪音設計，持續監測在二區域之中間位置的輻射加熱床的音量各一週，研究人員並自區域A隨機選取非假日及假日各一天，於床邊直接觀察性噪音及來源。
結果顯示，NICU之平均噪音音量在區域A及B分別為62dBA及61.4cBA。在二區域中之所有觀察時間的70％中，音量均高於59dBA。噪音音量在上午八時至下午四時之間為一天24小時中之高峰期，非假日音量較假日為高，且區域A則較區域B音量為高。而在48小時突發性噪音之觀察中，共出現4994個事件，其中90％為人為因素，如工作人員之談話聲、碰撞金屬物品、用力開關垃圾桶等；僅9.2％的突發性噪音為儀器警報聲。而其出現頻率最高的時間在假日及非假日均為上午八至11時及下午二至四時。此研究結果顯示，噪音的出現與醫護活動的執行息息相關，而工作人員的行為修飾、照顧方法的調整及降低儀器警報是減少噪音之主要策略。

關鍵字

噪音 ； 新生兒加護病房 ； 早產兒 ； 環境壓力 ； 台灣

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to explore noise distribution, its timing, and sources of peak noise in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a University Hospital in Southern Taiwan. Two surveys on noise distribution and peak noise of the warmer bed were conducted. Noise at radiate heated beds located in the central sites of two areas, one near (Area A) and the other away from (Area B) the nursing station, were measured continuously for one week using an electronic sound-meter. Peak noise with a soujid level of＞ 65 on the A-weighted decibel scale (dBA) and associated sources were recorded for 48 hours. Monitoring periods of peak noise consisted of a weekday and a day on the weekend randomly selected for Area A. Results showed that mean noise levels at the warmer bed in Areas A and B were 62 and 61.4 dBA on average. In over 70% of the total observation time for both areas the sound levels were 59 dBA. The noise intensity was particularly high between 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. The noise level on the weekend was lower than that on weekdays. During the 48-hour observation period, 4994 peak noises were recorded. Eighty-six percent of these peak noises were within ranges of 65-74 dBA and 90% were human-related factors. The primary non-human related source was monitor alarms. Additionally, peak noises occurred primarily during the 8-11la.m. and 2-4 p.m. hours on the weekdays and weekends. These results indicate that modifications of staff behavior, care procedures, and apparatus may reduce the noise levels in the NICU.

並列關鍵字

noise ； neonatal intensive care unit ； premature infants ； environmental stress ； Taiwan