Three-dimensional Geometric Constraint Evaluation and Analysis for Determining Commercial Knee Prosthesis

制式人工膝關節在安裝時雖有一套量測工具及模式，以盡量在術中選擇合適大小的人工股骨，脛骨和髕骨。但由於術前立體幾何量無法分析與評估，所以往往有股骨，脛骨和髕骨內面並未全部與骨組織密合，導致人工膝關節容易脫落。或是中間的半月軟骨板大小尺寸不適當，長期易造成人工關節面磨損，鬆脫，或半月軟骨斷離。本研究在電腦內表現了制式關節的各型號的各部位尺寸，並用容積資料表現病患膝關節。然後我們的演算法評估平切面的選擇是否可得適當人工股骨和脛骨的尺寸，且是否達到最大且各個內部內面可以完全接觸骨組織。我們也評估各項幾何拘束以選擇適當厚度的半月軟骨板直徑；髕骨或是股骨，脛骨和髕骨關節的正確鑲入位置或是人工關節各部位的相關位置是否正確。另一方面，因適合之人工關節切面和人工關節各部位正確鑲入位置的術前獲知。可避免術中的錯誤嘗試而減少手術時間及提高準確率。

關鍵字

人工關節決定演算法；膝關節置換術；三維重建；容積視覺化

並列摘要

This paper describes a method of automatically determining a knee prosthesis by evaluating geometric constraints that include avoiding abnormal bone tissue in sections and interfaces between prostheses and bones, and achieving maximum contact but avoiding incomplete contact. Our algorithms manipulate volume data of patient's knee to complete the above evaluations. These include using interfaces of prosthetic femur and tibia to intersect with the volume-representation femur and tibia and then detect abnormal bone tissue inside the interface, defects and incomplete contacts on interface boundary, and using tangent plane on curve-shaped prosthetic femur to obtain the patella platform for inserting the prosthetic patella and thus compute the size of the prosthetic patella.

並列關鍵字

Prosthetic determination algorithm ； Knee arthroplasty ； 3D reconstruction ； Volume visualization

國際替代計量

Three-dimensional Geometric Constraint Evaluation and Analysis for Determining Commercial Knee Prosthesis

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