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後撞車禍事故人體頸部之損傷分析

The Analysis of Neck Injury of Occupant in Rear-End Crashes

摘要


為減少車禍意外事故乘員之傷亡,探討車輛撞擊時人體動態反應及頭、頸部之損傷分析為一重要課題。為滿足乘客安全需求以建構最佳車輛安全結構設計,本論文藉由Dytran有限元素分析程式,模擬台車衝擊試驗中人偶的動態反應,並依據FMVSS的規定求取頸部的傷害指標值,藉以瞭解在後撞狀況下人體動態反應及頸部之損傷,另探討相關車輛對人體的防護措施如頭枕及椅背等,對於降低頸部之損傷進行分析,以提供車輛安全防護結構設計之參考。

並列摘要


To effectively and efficiently reduce injuries at traffic accidents, analyzing human body's dynamic response and head-neck injury in relation to considerations of men's safety are a relevant task. In order to reduce human injury severity through better automobile design, to analyze the dynamic response and injury of occupant in collisions are important before we develop the protection devices of car occupants. The purpose of this study is to explore rear-end crash phenomena by using MSC/DYTRAN finite element code. The dynamic response and neck injuries of occupant under crash is discussed using FMVSS standard. Additionally, it also considers the effects of the protection devices on reducing the neck injury. These results can be useful for evaluation of crash safety of a vehicle and design of new occupant restrain devices.

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