「生活問題解決測驗」之發展

The Development of "Everyday Problem-Solving Test"

詹雨臻(Yu-Chen Chan) ； 葉玉珠(Yu-Chu Yeh)

《測驗學刊》 52卷1期 (2005/06) Pp. 1-30

https://doi.org/10.7108/PT.200506.0003

摘要

本研究旨在編製一份適合國小學童的「生活問題解決測驗」(EPST)；此測驗是以圖畫和文字並陳的情境式問題解決測驗，包含三個情境、九個問題。本研究以高雄市國小五、六年級453人為研究參與者，除了考驗EPST的信度和效度外，也描述參與學童的整體生活問題解決能力表現，並依所提出之「多重問題導向」生活問題解決模式，說明學童在四個生活問題解決指標之表現情形。研究結果顯示EPST具有不錯的的鑑別度與效標關聯效度，同時也具有良好的穩定度、一致性與評分者信度。此外，本研究發現學童缺乏統整可用資源以進行創意問題解決之實用智能，而且他們的生活問題解決能力（尤其是在提出解決方法和決定最佳解決方法兩項指標）的表現不佳。

關鍵字

生活問題解決 ； 多重問題解決 ； 情境測驗 ； 國小學童 ； 信效度

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to construct the Everyday Problem-Solving Test (EPST) for pupils. The EPST was a narrative-style test with situation-based problems; it comprised 3 situations and each situation consisted of 3 problems. The participants included 453 fifth and sixth pupils sampled from Kaohsiung City. Besides testing the reliability and validity of the EPST, this study described the pupils' overall problem-solving ability as well as their performance on the four indices which were defined based on the multiple-oriented approach of everyday problem-solving. The results of this study suggest that the EPST can distinguish the high-ability group from the low-ability group in everyday problem-solving and it has good criterion-related validity; it also has decent stability, consistency, and inter-rater reliability. Moreover, the findings suggest that the pupils lack the practical intelligence in integrating available information to solve problems creatively and their problem-solving ability needs to be improved.

並列關鍵字

everyday problem-solving ； multiple problem solving ； situation-based test ； pupils ； reliability and validity

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