桐野夏生『女神記』論「大和國遙遠南方之島」巫女所論述的伊耶那美神話

On Kirino Natsuo's ＂The Goddess Chronicle＂: The Mythology of lzanami Narrated by the YUTA on ＂the Faraway South Island of YAMATO-NO-KUNI＂

坂元小織(Saori Sakamoto)

《日本語日本文學》 42期 (2014/11) Pp. 86-101

https://doi.org/10.29446/SJLL.201411_(42).0006

摘要

社會學者喬治‧雷瑟（George Ritzer）曾一針見血地指出，在現代的高度消費社會中，「新型消費手段被合理化，在作為脫魔術化之物（現代之物）的同時，也是被再魔術化之物（後現代之物）」，而對於吉本芭娜娜與田口藍迪等女性作家對沖繩YUTA（巫女）的濃厚興趣，並在創作中反映出曾「前往沖繩，與通靈師的YUTA見面」的經驗，鹽月亮子則是以「再魔術化」與「消費」的關連來加以說明。就此意涵來看，桐野夏生『女神記』（2008）確實針對現代日本文學如何將「南方島嶼」與神話世界產生連結這樣的問題，突顯出了許多尖銳的課題。之所以這麼說是因為在『女神記』中，採用了被視為日本最古老神話之『古事記』中的產國神話，讓因出產之傷而被迫留居黃泉之國的女神‧伊耶那美的晦暗心情，與「大和國遙遠南方之島」巫女波間的扭捏心情，在敘述的過程中逐漸交相疊合。桐野撰寫以如此神話為題材的作品本身，與開頭所提到的「消費與再魔術化」的行動間想必不會是毫無關係的。然而在『女神記』中，卻又透過伊耶那美與波間等人的敘述，再次探討了先行的吉本隆明與島尾敏夫等人的「南島論」（村井紀）言說，重新提示了「大和／南島」的關係。本論中將就由如此『女神記』所突顯出的問題來加以深入探討。

關鍵字

再魔術化 ； 『古事記』的產國神話 ； 近代日本 ； 「大和／南島」

並列摘要

The sociologist George Ritzer has sharply pointed out that in such a high mass consumption society, ＂new means of consumption have been rationalized to be de-magicized products (modern products); however, they are still re-magicized products (postmodern products) at the same time.＂ Moreover, Shiotsuki Ryoko employed the connection between ＂re-magicization＂ and ＂consumption＂ to explain and anaylze how the female writers, namely Yoshimoto Banana and Taguchi Randy, had shown strong interest in YUTA in Okinawa and incoporated their experiences of meeting psychic YUTAs in Okinawa into their works. Observing from this point of view, Kirino Natsuo's ＂The Goddess Chronicle＂ (2008) accurately highlighted many incisive issues on how to link ＂the South Island＂ and the birth of the mythological world in modern Japanese literature. These conflicting issues have been represented in ＂The Goddess Chronicle＂, which adopted the birth mythology of countries in ＂Kojiki＂, the oldest mythology in Japan. Through various narrations, it is more than observant for readers to realize that Izanami, the Goddess who had been forced to reside in the Underworld because of the serious wound during the birth-giving process, shared her darkness and resentment with Hama, the YUTA on ＂the Faraway South Island of YAMATO-NOKUNI＂ who was constantly confronted with distorted and tangled feelings. There should be imperative correlations between Kirino's mythological work and the concept of ＂consumption and re-magicization.＂ In addition, in ＂The Goddess Chronicle＂, Kirino repeatedly discussed the ＂South Island Issue＂ once proposed by Yoshimoto Takaaki and Shimao Toshio through the narrations between Izanami and Hama, further interpreting the relationship of ＂YAMATO/ South Island.＂ Therefore, this thesis intends to thoroughly analyze the issues highlighted in ＂The Goddess Chronicle＂.

並列關鍵字

re-magicization ； the birth mythology of countries in ＂Kojiki＂ ； modern Japan ； ＂YAMATO/South Island＂

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