大水蚤急毒性試驗和胚胎孵育試驗評估界面活性劑之光毒性研究

Evaluation of Phototoxicity of Surfactants by Daphnia Juvenile Acute Toxicity Test and Embryo Toxicity Test

王凱淞(Kai-Sung Wang) ； 許晉誠(Chin-Chen Hsu) ； 謝耀德(Yao-Te Hsieh) ； 黃朧丘(Lung-Chiu Huang) ； 凃長志(Chang-Chi Tu) ； 陳鴻杰(Hung-Chieh Chen) ； 楊家睿(Jia-Ruei Yang) ； 林靜微(Gin-Wei Lin) ； 劉怡汎(I-Fang Liu) ； 張時獻(Shih-Hsien Chang)

《中山醫學雜誌》 16卷2期 (2005/12) Pp. 305-316

https://doi.org/10.30096/CSMJ.200512.0011

摘要

目的：本研究之目的為評估五種界面活性劑光照前後之毒性變化。實驗變數為五種界面活性劑以及兩種光源UVA與UVB，並利用兩種生物毒性評估方法（水蚤稚蟲急毒性死亡率試驗及胚胎孵育抑制率試驗），評估界面活性劑之毒性變化。
方法：試驗方法為利用稚蟲急毒性死亡率試驗和胚胎孵育抑制試驗，求得界面活性劑對大水蚤稚蟲的LC50值和胚胎的EC50值，再利用所得之LC50值和EC50值之界面活性劑濃度分別以UVA及UVB光進行照射，評估五種界面活性劑之光毒性變化。
結果：五種界面活性劑中NPE 9和Triton×-100會因接受UV光照射，對大水蚤有毒性增加的趨勢，另外三種界面活性劑AES、AE及SDS，卻沒有明顯的毒性變化趨勢。
結論：具有苯環之Triton×-100和NPE 9在受UVA與UVB光照後稚蟲死亡率及胚胎孵育抑制率呈現上升的現象，初步推測此兩種界面活性劑可能為光毒性物質；但無苯環結構之SDS、AES、AE受UVA或UVB照射後皆無呈現明顯稚蟲死亡率或胚胎孵育抑制的毒性變化，因此推測SDS、AES、AE不會因為光照而產生毒性；屬於非光毒性物質。

關鍵字

界面活性劑 ； 光毒性 ； 大水蚤 ； 急毒性試驗 ； 胚胎孵育抑制試驗

並列摘要

The aims of this study are found on evaluating the phototoxicity of five commonly used surfactants, including Triton×-100, SDS, NPE9, AE, and AES. UVA and UVB were employed as the light sources to induce the phototoxicity. Two daphnia tests were employed including daphnia juvenile acute toxicity test and daphnia embryo test. The LC50 and EC50 of surfactants, which were obtained from daphnia acute toxicity test and embryo test, respectively, were used as the initial concentrations for the phototoxicity tests. The toxicity of NPE9 and Triton×-100 increased obviously after UVA and UVB exposure. However, the toxicity of SDS, AES, and AE were not influenced by UV exposure. It is supposed that the aromatic rings in Triton×-100 and NPE9 were irritated by UVA and UVB and phototoxicity intermediates were more toxic to both daphnia juveniles and embryos.

並列關鍵字

Surfactant ； phototoxicity ； Daphnia magna ； Acute toxicity test ； Daphnia embryo test