更年期婦女症狀困擾與健康行爲自我效能之研究

The Influence of Climacteric Symptoms on self-efficacy in Health Behavior

羅旭宜(Hus-Yi Lo) ； 李選(Sheuan Lee)

《中山醫學雜誌》 17卷2期 (2006/12) Pp. 153-168

https://doi.org/10.30096/CSMJ.200612.0001

摘要

本研究目的在探討更年期婦女症狀困擾與健康行為自我效能之相關性。採橫斷式相關性研究設計，以便利取樣，研究對象為台中市南屯區正處於月經不規則或自然停經兩年內之更年期婦女，研究工具為更年期症狀困擾量表與健康行為自我效能量表，有效問卷110份。以SPSS10.0進行t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關等統計法。結果顯示：（一）更年期婦女平均年齡49.69歲，更年期症狀發生頻率及嚴重程度在「無」至「偶爾」及「無」至「輕度困擾」間，以腰酸背痛最常見，其次是健忘、失眠；（二）健康行為自我效能以健康責任最佳，依次為心理安適與運動，營養為最差；（三）更年期症狀困擾發生頻率與嚴重度在疾病、使用荷爾蒙、社交滿意度、傾訴經驗等變項達統計差異；（四）健康行為自我效能與教育程度、社交滿意度達統計差異；（五）更年期症狀困擾與健康行為自我效能呈負相關。研究結果可應用於社區護理，藉由推動更年期婦女知能與強化正向態度及因應行為，提供訊息與自我照顧等策略，激發其促進健康自我效能方法，進而協助培養與實踐良好的健康行為，促進身心健康及降低更年期症狀困擾。

關鍵字

更年期 ； 更年期症狀 ； 健康行為自我效能

並列摘要

This cross-sectional correlative study explores the relationships among disturbances caused by climacteric symptoms and self-efficacy in health behavior in 110 climacteric Taiwanese women selected by purposeful sampling in the Nantun area of Taichung. Subjects were selected if their menstruation cycles were irregular or natural menopause had occurred during the two years leading up to the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire that included two tools: the Symptom Disturbance Scale and the Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale. We found: a) the frequency of climacteric symptoms ranged between not at all and a little, with associated disturbances ranging between not at all and slight; major symptoms were waist and back pain, followed by forgetfulness and insomnia; b) the highest score was for responsible health practices, followed by psychological well-being, exercise, and nutrition; c) there were significant associations between symptom disturbances and medical disease, hormone replacement therapy, feelings of social satisfaction and share personal experience; and d) there were negative correlations between symptom disturbances and self-efficacy in health behavior. These findings can be used to improve community care practices by promoting awareness of the medical problem, encouraging positive attitudes, and teaching self-care strategies.

並列關鍵字

Climacteric ； symptom disturbance ； self-efficacy of health behavior