Purpose: To investigate whether the intervention of eye care education has substantial benefits in schoolchildren to prevent them being myopic or to control their myopia development. Moreover, the factors that are related to myopia progression are analyzed using physiological data collection and questionnaire. Methods: There were two stages in the study. In the first part, a cross-sectional study was applied and ocular physiological data were collected from 175 school children in two elementary schools in central Taiwan. The children were categorized into three groups: hyperopes (+1.00D≦SE), emmetropes (-1.00D