優秀男子籃球選手不同距離跳投之三維反作用力分析

The Analysis of Three Dimensions of Different Distance Jump Shot in Elite Basketball Player

陳錦偉(Chin-Wei Chen)

《北體學報》 15期 (2007/11) Pp. 136-151

https://doi.org/10.6167/TPEC/2007.15.13

摘要

本研究的目的在探討籃球選手在不同距離跳投時，人體動力學的變化，來了解5種不同距離（4、5、6、7、8公尺）對籃球跳投動作以及地面反作用力的所產生變化；本實驗方法是使用Kistler測力板來獲取5位專業籃球選手的下肢動力學的資料；結果發現，經由測力板所蒐集到之數位信號資料再透過BioWare運動生物力學分析軟體，進行力量峰值分析，所獲得資料發現不同距離跳投之三維反作用力峰值方面隨同距離增加，前後分力分別從體重0.0979倍增加到體重0.4013倍。左右分力分別從體重0.0579倍增加到體重0.1836倍。上下（垂直）分力分別從體重1.7304倍增加到體重2.4136倍。當7公尺以上投籃時，前後分力卻明顯增加而垂直分力則下降，在不同距離跳投之地面反作用力峰值各距離間達到顯著差異，隨著距離的增加地面反作用力逐漸增加。在不同距離跳投之三維反作用力之多元趨向分析結果。前後、左右及上下作用力力量峰值隨同距離增加呈現直線增加2次線性關係。建議未來教練在訓練長距離投籃時，可以作為參考依據。

關鍵字

籃球 ； 動力學 ； 運動生物力學

並列摘要

The aim research was treated the behavior of kinetics when basketball player threw jump shot. To understand five distances (4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 maters) were accounting change for jump shot and ground reaction force (GRF). The method of experiment was used Kistler force plant to retrieve the data of lower limb of five professional basketball player. In result, acquiring the data force plant to use Bioware biomechanics system to analyze the peak force. It was found that the peak force of three dimensions was increasing from distance. Front and back component was doubling from 0.0979 to 0.4019 body weight (BW). Bilateral back component was doubling from 0.0579 to 0.1836 BW. Vertical component was doubling from 1.7304 to 2.4136 BW. When throwing over seven meters, front and back component was obviously increasing but vertical component was instead. The peak GRF of different distances was obviously different. The GRF was increasing with distance. The GRF integral was increasing with distance. The analyzing result of peak force of three dimensions was that the peak force of bilateral back, front and back and vertical component shows a quadratic equation with distance. It was advised when coach trained jump shot in long distance, it was regarded as authority in future.

並列關鍵字

Basketball ； Kinetics ； Biomechanics

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