Chemical Fingerprint and Source Identification of Atmospheric Fine Particles Sampled at Three Environments at the Tip of Southern Taiwan

Horng-Yu Yang ； Yu-Lun Tseng ； Hsueh-Lung Chuang ； Tsung-Chang Li ； Chung-Shin Yuan ； James J. Lee

《Aerosol and Air Quality Research》 17卷2期 (2017/02) Pp. 529-542(i-vi)

摘要

The spatiotemporal variation, chemical fingerprints, transportation routes, and source apportionment of atmospheric fine particles (PM_(2.5)) along the coastal region of southern Taiwan were investigated at three environments in the tip of southern Taiwan. Three representative sampling sites at Chien-Chin (urban site), Siao-Gang (industrial site) and Che-Cheng (background site) were selected for simultaneous PM_(2.5) sampling from December 2014 to May 2015. Regular sampling of 24-h PM_(2.5) was conducted for continuous 6–9 days in each month. After sampling, the chemical composition, including water-soluble ions, metallic elements and the carbonaceous content of PM_(2.5), was further analyzed within two weeks. The levoglucosan concentration was further compared to OC and K^+ in PM_(2.5) originating from biomass burning. Moreover, the potential sources of PM_(2.5) and their respective contribution were further resolved by backward trajectory simulation, combined with chemical mass balance (CMB) receptor modeling. The field sampling results indicated that the PM_(2.5) concentrations at the urban and industrial sites were always higher than those at the background site. The most abundant water-soluble ionic species of PM_(2.5) are SO_4^(2-), NO_3^- and NH_4^+, implying that PM_(2.5) is mainly composed of secondary ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate. The most abundant metallic elements of PM_(2.5) included crustal elements (Al, Fe and Ca) and anthropogenic (generated by humans) elements (V, Ni, As, Cd, Zn and Pb). Moreover, the concentrations of OC and EC at the Chien-Chin and Siao-Gang sites were generally higher than those at the Che-Cheng site, mainly due to the emissions from urban and industrial anthropogenic sources. Vehicular exhausts and industrial emissions were the main sources of PM_(2.5) at the Chien-Chin and Siao-Gang sites, respectively, while biomass burning and soil dusts were the dominant sources of PM_(2.5) at the Che-Cheng site.

關鍵字

Atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5) ； Chemical fingerprint ； Spatiotemporal variation ； Source identification