- 期刊
- OpenAccess
Chemical Characteristics, Sources Apportionment, and Risk Assessment of PM_(2.5) in Different Functional Areas of an Emerging Megacity in China
摘要
The mass concentration, chemical composition, and source apportionment of PM_(2.5) in the urban, industrial, scenic, traffic, and rural sites of Zhengzhou were studied from February to December of 2016. The average annual concentration of PM_(2.5) in these five sites was 119 μg m^(-3), which was lower than the annual average between 2013 and 2015. However, PM_(2.5) pollution remains serious in Zhengzhou. PM_(2.5), elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs)-with the exception of F^-, Ca^(2+), and Mg^(2+)-showed a relatively homogeneous spatial distribution in this area. Among these pollutants, WSIIs, carbonaceous species (EC and OC), and elements accounted for 47.7%, 14.4%, and 9.6% of PM_(2.5) concentration in Zhengzhou, respectively. The annual OC/EC ratio in Zhengzhou was 8.3, which indicates the possible presence of a secondary organic carbon. Six main sources of PM_(2.5) in Zhengzhou, namely, soil dust (15.1%), coal combustion (17.6%), secondary aerosol (35.1%), vehicle traffic (17.3%), industry (7.3%), and biomass burning (7.7%), were identified by using a positive matrix factorization model. The results of the back trajectory and potential source contribution function analysis revealed that the air mass from regions of the Shandong and Hubei Provinces aggravated the pollution in Zhengzhou, and Puyang, Hebi, Xinxiang, and Kaifeng were the main potential sources of PM_(2.5), respectively. The carcinogenic risks of As to children through the ingestion pathway exceeded the acceptable level. The findings of this work can provide an in-depth understanding of the PM_(2.5) pollution in Zhengzhou.
延伸閱讀
- Ye, H. J., Yang, K., Jiang, X. J., Niu, L. L., Hua, D. Z., Li, D., & Shi, S. H. (2014). Hourly Variations and Potential Sources of Airborne Trace Elements in PM_(10) in Four Representative Regions of Southeastern China. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 14(7), 1986-1997. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2014.07.0125
- Wu, S. Y. (2018). Evaluating vertical variation and source apportionment of PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an urban area with receptor models [master's thesis, National Taiwan University]. Airiti Library. https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201804341
- Kong, S. F., Ji, Y. Q., Lu, B., Zhao, X. Y., Han, B., & Bai, Z. P. (2014). Similarities and Differences in PM_(2.5), PM_(10) and TSP Chemical Profiles of Fugitive Dust Sources in a Coastal Oilfield City in China. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 14(7), 2017-2028(i-xiii). https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=16808584-201412-201501060001-201501060001-2017-2028(i-xiii)
- Liu, B., Sun, X., Zhang, J., Bi, X., Li, Y., Li, L., Dong, H., Xiao, Z., Zhang, Y., & Feng, Y. (2020). Characterization and Spatial Source Apportionments of Ambient PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) during the Heating Period in Tian'jin, China. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 20(1), 1-13+ap1-26. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2019.06.0281
- Hu, B., Xu, H., Deng, J., Yi, Z., Chen, J., Xu, L., Hong, Z., Chen, X., & Hong, Y. (2018). Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Volatile Organic Compounds for Different Functional Zones in a Coastal City of Southeast China. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 18(11), 2840-2852+ap1-3. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2018.04.0122