- 期刊
- OpenAccess
Comparison of PM_(2.5) Chemical Compositions during Haze and Non-haze Days in a Heavy Industrial City in North China
摘要
This study aimed to determine the chemical composition, sources and contributing factors of airborne PM_(2.5) (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) during a haze episode in Zibo, a heavy industrial city in China. Samples of PM_(2.5) were collected 8-27 January 2018 and analyzed for water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIs), trace elements (TEs), organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC). The PM_(2.5) concentration was 76.78% higher during the haze (mean ± standard deviation [SD] = 211 ± 39 μg m^(-3)) than before it (49 ± 38 μg m^(-3)), and the dominant ions were NO_3^-, SO_4^(2-) and NH_4^+. Additionally, an elevated TE concentration was observed during the episode (exceeding the pre- and post-haze values by 54.70% and 31.98%, respectively), with crustal elements (K, Al, Ca, Si, Na, Fe and Mg), the most abundant elemental components, accounting for 88.64%. Carbonaceous species (OC and EC) contributed 15.45% of the PM_(2.5) on haze days and slightly more on non-haze days. The NO_3^-/SO_4^(2-) and OC/EC ratios indicated that coal combustion and motor vehicle emission were the primary sources of pollution, and back-trajectory analysis revealed that the air masses over Zibo on haze days mainly originated in adjacent areas in Shandong Province and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region (BTH). The haze episode was caused by a combination of unfavorable meteorological conditions, secondary formation, the accumulation of local pollutants, and peripheral transmission.
延伸閱讀
- Liu, X., Pan, X., Wang, Z., He, H., Wang, D., Liu, H., Tian, Y., Xiang, W., & Li, J. (2020). Chemical Characteristics and Potential Sources of PM_(2.5) in Shahe City during Severe Haze Pollution Episodes in the Winter. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 20(12), 2741-2753+ap1-6. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2020.03.0124
- Zhang, T., Chillrud, S. N., Ji, J., Chen, Y., Pitiranggon, M., Li, W., Liu, Z., & Yan, B. (2017). Comparison of PM_(2.5) Exposure in Hazy and Non-Hazy Days in Nanjing, China. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 17(9), 2235-2246. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2016.07.0301
- Zhao, M., Xiu, G., Qiao, T., Li, Y., & Yu, J. (2016). Characteristics of Haze Pollution Episodes and Analysis of a Typical Winter Haze Process in Shanghai. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 16(7), 1625-1637. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2016.01.0049
- Zhu, C. S., Cao, J. J., Shen, Z. X., Liu, S. X., Zhang, T., Zhao, Z. Z., Xu, H. M., & Zhang, E. K. (2012). Indoor and Outdoor Chemical Components of PM2.5 in the Rural Areas of Northwestern China. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 12(6), 1157-1165. https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=16808584-201212-201212270037-201212270037-1157-1165
- Li, Y., Zhao, H., & Wu, Y. (2015). Characteristics of Particulate Matter during Haze and Fog (Pollution) Episodes over Northeast China, Autumn 2013. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 15(3), 853-864. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2014.08.0158