Social cohesion is am ambiguous and often contested construct which needs to be pinned down in order to be effectively studied. This paper begins with an overview of its different meanings and of its relationship with other constructs such as social capital and social integration. Then the role of social cohesion in different approaches to quality of life is investigated before engaging in a detailed discussion of social cohesion as a conditional factor of social quality. Within a social quality context, social cohesion is defined as the nature of social relations based on shared identities, values and norms. Social cohesion refers to solidarity as the basis for collective identities and concerns the processes that create, defend or demolish social networks and the social infrastructures underpinning these networks. Its domains are: trust; other integrative norms and values; social networks; and identity. In a recent EU study these were disaggregated into eight sub-domains and twenty indicators. A challenge for the development and empirical application of social quality is to identify whether these indicators are equally relevant in an Asian context. The next stage is to relate social cohesion to the notion of a sustainable welfare society and to sustainability more widely, in terms of social, economic and environmental sustainability. These different facets of sustainability are first defined and then their potential relationship with social cohesion, both holistic and in terms of its components, is explored. Finally some conclusions are drawn about the overall social quality and quality of life contexts of these interrelationships.