客觀性之義蘊－郎尼根《洞察》第十三章釋義

為郎尼根而言，「客觀」意謂著藉由確實的「經驗」、明智的「理解」、合理的「判斷」、加上一系列「正確判斷脈絡」所支撐而呈現的成果，分層地牽涉了「經驗客觀性」、「規範客觀性」、「絕對客觀性」、「首要客觀性」四者。「客觀性」同時維繫著認知主體與被知視域，它是認知主體對被知視域的開放、瞭悟與符應，也是被知視域向認知主體的開顯與揭露。

關鍵字

認知結構；首要客觀性；絕對客觀性；規範客觀性；經驗客觀性

並列摘要

For Lonergan, the notion of objectivity is to be considered on four different levels. Preliminarily, empirical objectivity is to be reached by one's actual apprehending of certain empirical objects and data presented to the subject as experienced sensibly. Secondly, normative objectivity is attained when one intelligently grasps the meaning of the object presented in conformity with right norms and correct logic. Thirdly, absolute objectivity is obtained when the knowing subject rationally makes affirmations concerning the object in accordance with reasonable reflections and sound judgments. The process culminates in principal objectivity which means that one's judgment is supported by a series of relevant, related and correct judgments arranged in a pattern so as to form a harmonious constellation.