蘇軾“曲子中縛不住者”析論－以〈定風波〉詞調為例

The Analysis of an Unrestricted Poet on Previous Rules by Su Shih: Take "Calming the Waves" for an Example

黃文芳(Wen-Fang Huang)

《東方人文學誌》 7卷3期 (2008/09) Pp. 131-152

https://doi.org/10.6389/OH.200809.0131

摘要

調名和詞的內容在早期是有關的，如以詞中之字句為調名，或以詞中所詠之事物、情意為調名。至五代、宋代初始，絕大部分詞的內容和調名不相一致，詞牌的選用，以考慮其聲情為主，與詞的內容，並無絕對的關係。然而，被稱為「曲子中縛不住者」的蘇軾，在創作時對這些規矩則是整個突破，本文以〈定風波〉詞調為例，首先針對〈定風波〉之調情、調律予以分析，再以北宋蘇軾之前詞家所填之〈定風波〉內容與蘇軾所作九首〈定風波〉比對，探論東坡用「以詩為詞」的創新手法，拓展詞的題材和意境。

關鍵字

蘇軾 ； 詞調 ； 定風波

並列摘要

There is a relationship between the name of tune and Sung-Tsz in the past. For example, people view the sentence of Sung-Tsz or what they present within the Sung-Tsz as the name of tune. Most of the sentences within the Sung-Tsz had not any consistency with their titles of tune since Five Dynasties till the early Northern Sung Dynasty. It is necessary to consider intonation when choosing the title of Sung-Tsz, on the other hand, it exist no absolute relationship with the content of Sung-Tsz. However, Su Shih, a poet unrestricted on previous rules, was a pioneer in that period. This paper is organized as follows. This paper take ”Calming the Waves” as an example. After analyzing its intonation and tune, the content written by Su Shih and other writers before him in the Northern Sung Dynasty are compared in section 2. The conclusion is explored the innovative method of ”view poem as Sung-Tsz” and extended the material and scenario of Sung-Tsz.

並列關鍵字

Su Shih ； Tune ； Calming the Waves