屈原、陶潛“狂狷”論

一生熱戀故土，忠君愛國，一心一意輔佐君王實現美政，卻慘遭小人讒害，報國不成而投江自沉的屈原；與幾度入仕，不願為「五斗米折腰」而選擇掛冠求去，從此安於田園歸隱生活的陶潛，兩者看似有天壤之別，實則在「人格特質」上是有共同點的。清‧劉熙載即云：「屈靈均、陶淵明，皆狂狷之資也。」雖說屈原、陶潛兩人皆具「狂狷之資」，但在主導性格、思想觀念、身世背景、生平際遇、學識修養的差異下，各展現出不同的行事作風；而概言之，則屈原是狂且狷，陶潛是狷且狂，各具特色。本文即以「狂狷」為基準，加以分析、探討詩人的具體行為與處世態度，希冀透過此番此較，能探究兩大詩人異中之同、同中之異為何？以突顯兩人在文化史上的重要意義。

關鍵字

屈原；楚辭；陶潛；狂狷

並列摘要

Qu-Yuan, a fervent patriot always showing his loyalty to the emperor by assisting him in governing the country, drowned himself after calumniated by the villains. Tao-Qian, an upright officer of high principles, decided to quit his job and spend rest of his life in the countryside rather than bowing and scraping for living wages. The two poets appeared to be vastly different from each other, but they shared characters and traits in some ways. ”Qu ling jun and Tao Yuanming are both of kuang juan”, said Liu, Xizai, a critic and scholar in the Qing Dynasty. Although they were of kuang juan, discrepancy in personal behaviors between them resulted from their different natures, ideas and thinking, living backgrounds, lifetime experiences, and education training. Generally speaking, Qu-Yuan was of more kunag than juan whereas Tao-Qian was of more juan than kung. The paper compares and contrasts the poets' life attitude and behaviors based on the literatures on ”kuang juan” in them in the hope of highlighting their significant roles in the history of Chinese culture.

並列關鍵字

Qu-Yuan ； Chuci ； Tao-Qian ； kuang juan

國際替代計量

屈原、陶潛“狂狷”論

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