Use of a Training Program to Enhance NICU Nurses' Cognitive Abilities for Assessing Preterm Infant Behaviors and Offering Supportive Interventions

藉由教育方案增進新生兒加護中心護理人員對早產兒行為及支持性照顧之認知

廖珍娟(Jen-Jiuan Liaw)

《The Journal of Nursing Research》 11卷2期 (2003/06) Pp. 82-92

摘要

本研究主要是在測試一個使用錄影帶及個人化的教學訓練，對增進護理人員評估早產兒行為及提供發展支援性照護之認知的成效，這也就是發展支持性照護之教育方案。這個研究是採用雙組前後重複測量之類實驗性研究設計，參加者是二十五位新生兒加護中心之護理人員，實驗組十三位，控制組十二位。測量工具是這個研究目的所發展的錄影帶測驗，用來測量這個發展支持性照護訓練的成效。參加者共測試兩次靈影帶測驗問卷，間隔都是四週。資料分析方法是用變異數分析與共變數分析。研究的結果顯示這個發展支持性的照護訓練的確能增進護理人員對早產兒行為及發展支持性照護這認知，且能支持本研究之假高。根據Bandura社會認知學習理論的假設，增進護理人員的認知是他們行為改變的先決條件。隨著護理人員認知的增進，他們在照顧早產兒的行為上才有可能改變，因此，作者建議為了要改善新生兒加護中心之照護品質與早產兒的發展結果，可藉由教育護理人員將發展支持性照護的概念併入新生兒加護中心的護理照坊實務之中。

關鍵字

發展 ； 支持 ； 認知 ； 早產 ； 錄影帶

並列摘要

This study tested the use of a developmentally supportive care (DSC) training propram in the form of video taped and personalized instruction to increase nurses’ cognitive abilities for assessing preterm infant behavioral signals and offering supportive care. The study used a two-group pre-test post-test quasi-experimental repeated measures design. The participants were 25 NICU nurses, 13 in the intervention group, and 12 in the control group. An instrument developed for the purpose of t he study was a video test that measured the effective ness of the DSC training. The video test questionnaires were admin is tered to the participants twice with an interval of four weeks. ANCOVA con troll ling the baseline scores was used for data anal y sis. In general, the results sup port the hypothesis that nurses’ cognitive abilities were enhanced after the DSC training. The increase in nurses’ cognitive abilities is the prerequisite for behavioral change, based on the assumptions of Bandura’ s Social Cognitive Learning Theory (Bandura, 1986). As nurses’ cognitive abilities increased, it would be possible that nurse behaviors in taking care of these preterm infants might change. Therefore, the author recommends that in order to improve NICU care quality and the out comes of preterm infants, the concepts of developmentally supportive care be incorporated into NICU caregiving practice by educating nurses.

並列關鍵字

development ； support ； cognition ； preterm ； video

參考文獻

Allen, M. J., Yen, W. M.(1979).Introduction to Measurement Theory.Monterey, CA:Brooks/ Cole.

Als, H.(1999).Nurturing the Premature Infants: Developmental Interventions in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.New York:Oxford University Press.

Als, H., Gilkerson, L.(1997).The Role of Relation-Ship-Based Developmentally Supportive Newborn Intensive Care in Strengthening Outcome of Preterm Infants.Seminars in Perinatology.21(3)

Bandura, A.(1986).Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory.Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice-Hall.

Becker, P. T., Grunwald, P. C., Brazy, J. E.(1999).Motor Organization in Very Low Birth Weight Infants During Caregiving: Effects of a Developmental Intervention.Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics.20(5)