Comparative Study of Children's Self-Concepts and Parenting Stress between Families of Children with Epilepsy and Asthma

癲癇與氣喘兒童自我概念及親職壓力之比較研究

邱華慧(Hua-Huei Chiou) ； 謝良博(Liang-Po Hsieh)

《The Journal of Nursing Research》 16卷1期 (2008/03) Pp. 65-74

摘要

本研究目的爲比較癲癇和氣喘兒童的自我概念與親職壓力，以及探討兒童的自我概念和親職壓力的關係。過去的研究顯示，癲癇病童具有較高比例的行爲問題，且行爲問題的造成與其自我概念有關，自我概念代表著一個人對自己的評價，能發展出穩定正向的自我概念在兒童成長過程十分重要，惟影響自我概念的因素則需進一步的探討。本研究的樣本是年齡8-13歲、患有癲癇的兒童48位和患有氣喘的兒童54位及其父母，兒童的自我概念由自我概念量表(SPPC)測量，父母的親職壓力由親職壓力量表(PSI)測量；兒童的年齡與疾病程度等變項資料亦被收集，以便檢驗其對親職壓力的可能影響。結果顯示兩組兒童的自我概念和親職壓力確有顯著差異存在，癲癇組兒童在自我概念的其中三項次量表得分顯著較低，而癲癇組的父母親職壓力較高。人口學變項和疾病程度等變項對親職壓力不具預測力，而癲癇組的親職壓力程度與兒童的自我概念確有顯著相關。本研究建議癲癇父母需要有紓解親職壓力的策略，以利兒童發展較正向的自我概念；在臨床上除了藥物治療外，也須提供父母較多支持。

關鍵字

癲癇 ； 氣喘 ； 自我概念 ； 親職壓力 ； 慢性病童

並列摘要

The purpose of the present study was to conduct a comparative study on families of children with epilepsy and asthma with regard to the variables of children's self-concepts and parenting stress. While past research has indicated higher rates of behavioral problems in children with epilepsy, behavioral problems were associated primarily with children's self-concept. How an individual assesses his or herself impacts significantly upon self conceptualization and the attainment of a stable concept about oneself as an individual is a critical development factor during an individual's cognitive development stage. Nevertheless, specific factors related to such have not previously been well delineated. Forty-eight children, 8 to 13 years of age with epilepsy, and 54 children in the same age range with asthma were investigated for this study. Parents of subjects were also involved in this study. The self-concepts of subject children were assessed using the Harter's Self-Perception Profile for Children (SPPC). Parenting stress was measured using Abidin's Parenting Stress Index (PSI)/long form. Children's demographic variables and illness severity were also measured as potential risk factors. Results showed significant differences between the two groups in terms of self-concept and parenting stress, with epileptic children returning significantly lower self-concept scores in 3 SPPC subscales. Demographic variables and illness conditions were not found to be effective predictors of parenting stress. Level of parenting stress was revealed to be significantly associated with children's self-concept in the epilepsy group. Results suggest that parents of children with epilepsy will benefit from coping strategies that may help lower parenting stress levels and influence positively upon children's self-concept. In addition to providing regular drug therapy, providing further support is needed.

並列關鍵字

epilepsy ； asthma ； self-concept ； parenting stress ； children with chronic illness

參考文獻

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