The Effect of Meditation on Physical and Mental Health in Junior College Students: A Quasi-Experimental Study

靜心冥想對專科學生身心健康影響之類實驗性研究

楊克平(Ke-Ping Yang) ； 蘇惠明(Whei-Ming Su) ； 黃貞觀(Chen-Kuan Huang)

《The Journal of Nursing Research》 17卷4期 (2009/12) Pp. 261-269

摘要

背景　在變化急遽且充滿壓力的現代社會環境中，許多人身心失去平衡。許多研究驗證，靜心冥想對腦活動及免疫系統有正面的效應。本研究根據我國古聖先賢的智慧：「定、靜、安、慮、得」之概念設計而成，教導青少年學生靜心冥想之道，並瞭解其成效。
目的　本研究之目的在瞭解靜心冥想對專科學生身心健康之影響。
方法　本研究為類實驗性設計；針對北部某專科學校之242位二專新生為方便性取樣對象。學生們依班級隨機分為實驗組(n=119)與對照組(n=123)。實驗組施以每週2小時之靜坐導引，共18週，計36小時之介入措施。兩組於實驗前、後均以「身心生活適應量表」檢測；其內容含身心症狀、正向因應策略及負向情緒反應等分量表。資料以獨立樣本單因子共變量變異數分析(ANCOVA)。
結果　發現在排除身心症狀前測成績影響後，實驗介入效果顯著，實驗組個人身心症狀顯著少於對照組。
結論　靜心冥想可協助青春期學生們面對生活壓力，並減少身心症狀。本研究支持中國聖哲之靜心智慧對健康促進之遠見。

關鍵字

靜心冥想 ； 身心健康 ； 類實驗性研究 ； 專科學生

並列摘要

Background: Physical stress and mental stress are increasingly common phenomenas in our rapidly changing and stressful modern society. Research has found meditation to produce positive and demonstrable stress reduction effects on brain and immune functions. This study is grounded in traditional Chinese philosophical mores that teach a process summarized by the keynote activities of ”calm, still, quiet, consider, and get” and the potential of this process to reduce stress in adolescents.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of meditation on the physical and mental health of junior college students.
Methods: This research employed a quasi-experimental design. Participants included 242 freshmen from a junior college in Taiwan selected using a convenience sampling technique. Participants were then randomly separated into experimental (n=119) and control (n=123) groups. The project duration was 18 weeks, during which the experimental group received 2 hours of meditation treatment per week, for a total of 36 hours. Both groups completed pretest and posttest Life Adaptation Scale forms, which included questionnaires addressing information on physical and mental distress and positive and negative coping strategies. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance.
Results: Findings showed that the effect of the experiment treatment was significant when student physical and mental distress pretest scores were controlled. Physical and mental symptoms in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group.
Conclusions: Meditation can help students to adapt to life stressors. This study also provides support for traditional Chinese wisdom, which promotes meditation as one way to improve health.

並列關鍵字

meditation ； physical and mental health ； quasi-experimental research ； junior college students

參考文獻

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