Cognition and Social-Physiological Factors Associated With Malnutrition in Hospitalized Older Adults in Taiwan

臺灣住院高齡患者營養不良與認知及社會心理相關因素探討

彭莉甯(Li-Ning Peng) ； 鄭瑜(Yu Cheng) ； 陳亮恭(Liang-Kung Chen) ； 童恒新(Heng-Hsin Tung) ； 朱桂慧(Kuei-Hui Chu) ； 梁淑媛(Shu-Yuan Liang)

《The Journal of Nursing Research》 23卷1期 (2015/03) Pp. 1-5

https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000074

摘要

背景　營養不良在住院高齡病患盛行率高。目的　探討於住院高齡病患之認知功能對營養的影響力，及檢視營養狀態之相關因素。方法　採橫斷式設計，有401位參加者接受營養及認知功能評估，以線性迴歸分析認知功能及相關因素對營養的影響力。結果　參與者平均85歲，其中73.6%是男性。參與者平均MMSE分數為19.1±8.0及MNA分數為20.2 ±5.2.。67.1%的參與者有營養狀態不良的風險，22.7%的參與者處於營養不良狀態。認知功能方面，33.1%屬於輕度至中度認知障礙，32.2%屬於重度認知障礙。認知功能對營養狀態之影響有21%的解釋力，若再加上共存疾病與主要照護者，則解釋力上升至53%。結論　認知狀態、罹病狀況及是否有主要照護者為營養不良的預測因子。藉此結果可提供臨床人員及早發現有營養不良危險的個案，及依個別性需求發展其營養措施。

關鍵字

營養不良 ； 認知功能 ； 高齡 ； 臺灣

並列摘要

Background: Malnutrition is prevalent among hospitalized geriatric patients. Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the impact of cognitive status and its associated factors on the nutritional status of hospitalized geriatric patients. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study design was conducted. Two instruments, the Mini Nutritional Assessment and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), were administered to 401 geriatric participants. Linear regression was used to examine the contribution of cognitive status and its associated factors to the nutritional status of participants. Results: Participants had a mean age of 85 years, and three quarters (73.6%) were men. Participants earned a mean MMSE score of 19.1±8.0 and a mean Mini Nutritional Assessment score of 20.2±5.2. Two thirds (67.1%) were at risk for malnutrition, and 22.7% experienced malnutrition. One third (33.1%) had mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment, and 32.2% had severe cognitive impairment. The MMSE scores accounted for 21% of the total variability in nutritional status. In addition, the Charlson Comorbidity Index score and care status were also significant predictors of malnutrition and, together with the MMSE scores, accounted for 53% of the variability in the nutritional status of participants in the regression model. Conclusions: Findings indicate that cognitive status, concomitant comorbidities, and care status are significant predictors of malnutrition. The results of this study provide information to help clinicians identify at-risk populations for malnutrition and develop appropriate nutrition programs based on individual needs.

並列關鍵字

malnutrition ； cognitive function ； geriatric ； Taiwan

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