Predictors of Antenatal Psychosocial Stress in Taiwanese Women

台灣孕婦心理社會壓力之預測因子

張倖綺(Hsing-Chi Chang) ； 陳淑月(Shu-Yueh Chen) ； 陳彰惠(Chung-Hey Chen)

《The Journal of Nursing Research》 24卷3期 (2016/09) Pp. 193-200

https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000122

摘要

背景 孕期心理社會壓力乃是對婦女和嬰兒造成後遺症的危險因子之一。然而，過去的研究鮮少關注妊娠心理壓力的導因或共存因子。目的 本研究旨在探討台灣婦女孕期心理社會壓力之相關因素與預測因子。方法 本橫斷式研究方便取樣自南部某醫學中心136位第二妊娠期和164位第三妊娠期孕婦。測量工具包括個人屬性調查、懷孕壓力量表、愛丁堡憂鬱量表、匹茲堡睡眠品質量表、孕期親子依戀量表、和社會支持量表。結果 孕期壓力和憂鬱（r = .368, p ＜ .01）、孕期親子依戀關係（r = .168, p ＜ .01）呈顯著正相關，但和孕次（r = -.137, p ＜ .05）、社會支持（r = -.266, p ＜ .01）呈顯著負相關。多元逐步複迴歸分析的結果顯示，初孕、憂鬱、孕期親子依戀關係、低社會支持可顯著預測孕婦之孕期心理社會壓力偏高，此4個預測變項共可解釋20％孕期壓力的總變異量。結論／實務應用 憂鬱、孕期親子依戀關係、社會支持、和孕次可預測婦女之孕期心理社會壓力程度，此研究結果可增進相關醫療照護者之實證知識及實踐。建議未來的研究，可將憂鬱概念納入孕期壓力管理模式之設計與驗證。

關鍵字

孕期壓力 ； 憂鬱 ； 社會支持 ； 親子依戀關係

並列摘要

Background: Antenatal stress has been associated with adverse outcomes in mothers and their children. However, little research has been conducted to identify the factors associated with psychosocial stress in pregnant women. Purpose: This study explored the predictors of psychosocial stress during pregnancy. Methods: A convenience sample of 136 second-trimester and 164 third-trimester pregnant women were recruited from a medical center in southern Taiwan. Data were collected using a demographic form, Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale (PSRS), Edinburgh Prenatal Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale, and Interpersonal Support Evaluation List. Results: The results of this study found positive correlations between PSRS and both Edinburgh Prenatal Depression Scale (r = .368, p ＜ .01) and Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale (r = .168, p ＜ .01) and negative correlations between PSRS and both gravidity (r = ＜.137, p ＜ .05) and Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (r = ＜.266, p ＜ .01). Higher pregnancy stress was predicted by depression, lower social support, maternal-fetal attachment, and primigravid status, which together explained 20% of the total variance. Conclusions/Implications for Practice: Depression, social support, maternal-fetal attachment, and gravidity are discrete predictive factors of psychosocial stress in pregnant women. These findings add to existing knowledge of the factors associated with prenatal stress. Future research should include depression in a support model of antenatal stress management

並列關鍵字

pregnancy stress ； depression ； social support ； maternal-fetal attachment.

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