The Depressive Symptoms, Resourcefulness, and Self-Harm Behaviors of Adolescents

青少年的憂鬱、智謀與自我傷害行為

楊鳳英(Feng-Ying Yang) ； 賴倩瑜(Chien Yu Lai) ； 顏正芳(Cheng-Fang Yen) ； 許玉雲(Yu-Yun Hsu) ； Jaclene A. Zauszniewski

《The Journal of Nursing Research》 25卷1期 (2017/02) Pp. 41-50

https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000127

摘要

Background: A report published by the World Health Organization indicates that depression typically first manifests during youth. However, adolescents usually lack the capacity for self-help or to seek help proactively from health professionals or other related resources to relieve their emotional distress. Failing to manage depression appropriately places adolescents at risk for self-harm and suicide. Purpose: This study explored the correlations among the depressive symptoms, resourcefulness, and self-harm behaviors of adolescents. In addition, the impact of depressive symptoms and resourcefulness on the self-harm behaviors of adolescents was examined. Methods: A cross-sectional and correlational design was used. One hundred forty secondary school (junior and senior high school) students in southern Taiwan were recruited for data collection using three questionnaires that measured, respectively, their depressive symptoms, resourcefulness, and self-harm behaviors. Results: Depressive symptoms and self-harm behaviors correlated significantly and positively (r = .79, p ＜ .001). Resourcefulness correlated significantly and negatively with both depressive symptoms (r = -.35, p ＜ .001) and self-harm behaviors (r = -.29, p ＜ .001). Finally, depressive symptoms significantly predicted self-harm behaviors. Conclusions/Implications for Practice: This study provides new findings regarding the significant relationship between resourcefulness and self-harm behaviors in adolescents. Future research is suggested to explore the effect of interventions about resourcefulness training on the mental health of adolescents.

關鍵字

adolescents ； depression ； resourcefulness ； self-harm

並列摘要

背景　根據世界衛生組織的報告，憂鬱好發於青少年時期。但是青少年往往缺乏自助和主動尋求健康專業服務資源的能力，以減緩他們的情緒壓力。如果憂鬱沒有被適當地處理，青少年將有可能陷於自傷或自殺的危險。目的　本研究旨在探討青少年憂鬱程度、智謀程度與自我傷害行為三者之間的相關性，並且檢驗青少年憂鬱及智謀程度對其自我傷害行為之影響。方法　本研究屬橫斷性及相關性研究，對象為140位台灣南部某高級中學國、高中生，研究資料以三種結構式問卷收集青少年的憂鬱症狀、智謀程度，以及自傷行為。結果　研究結果顯示，青少年憂鬱程度與自我傷害行為呈顯著正相關（r = .79, p ＜ .001）；憂鬱程度與智謀程度呈顯著負相關（r = -.35, p ＜ .001）；智謀程度與自我傷害行為亦呈顯著負相關（r = -.29, p ＜ .001）。最後發現，青少年的憂鬱程度為其自我傷害行為之重要預測因子。結論／實務應用　本研究首度發現智謀與青少年自傷行為的顯著關係。建議未來研究可探討以智謀訓練為主的介入性措施對提升青少年心理衛生之效應。

並列關鍵字

青少年 ； 憂鬱 ； 智謀 ； 自我傷害

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