Factors Associated With Levels of Risky Drinking in Adolescent Alcohol Users in Taiwan: A Secondary Data Analysis

台灣青少年飲酒行為危險類型相關因素－次級資料分析

洪兆嘉(Chao-Chia Hung) ； 張新儀(Hsin-Yi Chang) ； 江宜珍(Yi-Chen Chiang) ； 吳文琪(Wen-Chi Wu) ； 李蘭(Lee-Lan Yen)

《The Journal of Nursing Research》 25卷2期 (2017/04) Pp. 163-172

https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000151

摘要

Background: Drinking is largely viewed as a socialized behavior; however, our understanding of factors associated with levels of risky drinking is limited in cultures where underage drinking is relatively unacceptable. Purpose: The aims of this study were to define the different levels associated with risky drinking and to examine the factors that are associated with these levels. Methods: We used data from the Child and Adolescent Behavior in Long-Term Evolution project. Of the 2184 students who participated in the 2006 Child & Adolescent Behavior in Long- Term Evolution survey, 1591 self-reported prior use of alcohol and had complete questionnaire data that could be used in secondary data analysis. The main study variables that were used in this study to assess levels of risky drinking included frequency of drinking, amount of drinking, and frequency of intoxication. We used ordinal logistic regression to analyze the relationships between levels of risky drinking and associated factors. Results: In the study sample, 9.55%were classified with high-risk drinking behavior, 22.51% were classified with medium-risk drinking behavior, and 67.94%were classified with low-risk drinking behavior. Having a mother or peers who used alcohol, being encouraged to consume alcohol by older adults or peers, high alcohol availability, high positive alcohol expectancies, low negative alcohol expectancies, and low alcohol refusal efficacy were all associated with higher levels of risky drinking. Conclusions/Implications for Practice: Decreasing the availability of alcohol, developing appropriate alcohol expectancies, and increasing alcohol refusal skills may help decrease the development of high-risk drinking behavior in adolescents. Our study furthers the understanding of underage alcohol use in societies with low alcohol consumption.

關鍵字

adolescents ； drinking risk levels ； social influences

並列摘要

背景　飲酒是一種社會化行為，在未成年飲酒行為相對較不被接受的文化裡，對飲酒行為危險程度的相關因素了解非常有限。目的　本研究主要目的是確認曾飲酒的學生於九年級時飲酒行為危險程度及其相關因素。方法　研究利用兒童及青少年行為之長期發展研究計畫（Child & Adolescent Behaviors in Long-term Evolution）調查資料，進行次級資料分析。共有2184名九年級學生參與2006年的調查，其中1591名學生自述曾飲酒。主要研究變項是由飲酒頻率、飲酒量及酒醉頻率所分組而成的飲酒行為危險程度，利用序位邏輯斯迴歸分析探討與飲酒行為危險程度有關的因素。結果　研究結果顯示，9.55%的學生屬於高危險飲酒行為、22.51%的學生屬於中危險性飲酒行為、67.94%的學生屬於低危險性飲酒行為。結果顯示，母親飲酒、同儕飲酒，長輩或同儕勸酒，酒品可獲性愈高，正向飲酒結果期望愈高，負向飲酒結果期望愈低，拒酒效能愈低，都會提升青少年飲酒行為危險程度。結論／實務應用　降低酒品可獲性，建立青少年正確的飲酒結果期望，及增強拒酒的信心可有效降低青少年飲酒行為的危險程度。本研究結果有助於對低飲酒社會未成年飲酒行為的了解。

並列關鍵字

青少年 ； 飲酒行為危險程度 ； 社會影響

參考文獻

Ariza Cardenal, C.,Nebot Adell, M.(2000).Factors associated with problematic alcohol consumption in schoolchildren.The Journal of Adolescent Health.27(6),425-433.

Austin, E. W.,Chen, M. J.,Grube, J. W.(2006).How does alcohol advertising influence underage drinking? The role of desirability, identification and skepticism.The Journal of Adolescent Health.38(4),376-384.

Bandura, A.(1986).Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory.Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice-Hall.

Barnes, G. M.,Reifman, A. S.,Farrell, M. P.,Dintcheff, B. A.(2000).The effects of parenting on the development of adolescent alcohol misuse: A six-wave latent growth model.Journal of Marriage and the Family.62,175-186.

Callas, P. W.,Flynn, B. S.,Worden, J. K.(2004).Potentially modifiable psychosocial factors associated with alcohol use during early adolescence.Addictive Behaviors.29(8),1503-1515.