Improving Coping Styles in Family Caregivers of Psychiatric Inpatients Using Planned Behavior Problem-Solving Training

Zahra ABEDI ； Mousa ALAVI ； Zahra GHAZAVI ； Denis VISENTIN ； Michelle CLEARY

《The Journal of Nursing Research》 28卷1期 (2020/02) Pp. 1-7-012

https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000320

摘要

Background: The consequences and high costs of psychiatric disorders impact family caregivers greatly. Health services should identify and provide accessible support programs to facilitate effective caregiver coping. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a theory-of-planned-behavior-based problem-solving training program on the coping styles of family caregivers of psychiatric inpatients. Methods: In this two-group, randomized control trial, 72 family caregivers were randomly assigned to either a control group receiving standard care or an intervention group receiving a training program (eight sessions over 4 weeks). Demographic information was recorded at baseline, and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations was administered to both groups at baseline, immediately postintervention, and 1-month follow-up. Results: Immediately after the intervention, the intervention group earned significantly higher task-oriented coping style scores (mean difference = 5.03, p = .015) than the control group, but no significant difference was detected between the two groups for either emotion- or avoidance-oriented coping style scores. At 1-month follow-up, the intervention group earned significantly higher scores than the control group for task-oriented (mean difference = 8.56, p ＜ .001) and emotion-oriented (mean difference = 7.14, p = .002) coping styles. No improvement in avoidance-oriented coping style at the postintervention or follow-up time points was detected. Conclusions: Implementation by nurses and other health professionals of problem-solving training programs that are based on the theory of planned behavior is recommended to strengthen the use of task- and emotion-oriented approaches that help family caregivers of psychiatric patients better cope with stress.

關鍵字

mental disorders ； family carers ； problem solving ； planned behavior ； coping styles

參考文獻

Ajzen, I. (2011). The theory of planned behaviour: Reactions and reflections. Psychology & Health, 26(9), 1113-1127. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2011.613995

Alavi, M., Irajpour, A., Abdoli, S., & Saberizafarghandi, M. B. (2012). Clients as mediators of interprofessional collaboration in mental health services in Iran. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 26(1), 36-42. https://doi.org/10.3109/13561820.2011.623803

Anshel, M. H., & Wells, B. (2000). Personal and situational variables that describe coping with acute stress in competitive sport. The Journal of Social Psychology, 140(4), 434-450. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224540009600483

Ayers, T. S., Sandier, I. N., West, S. G., & Roosa, M. W. (1996). A dispositional and situational assessment of children@@$$s coping: Testing alternative models of coping. Journal of Personality, 64(4), 923-958. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00949.x

Bademli, K., & Duman, Z. Ç. (2014). Effects of a family-to-family support program on the mental health and coping strategies of caregivers of adults with mental illness: A randomized controlled study. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 28(6), 392-398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2014.08.011