臺灣清代契約文書中的銀幣及其相關問題

The Silver Coins in the Antique Contracts in the Qing Dynasty in Taiwan and their Relative Issues

陳哲三(Che-San Chen)

《逢甲人文社會學報》 22期 (2011/06) Pp. 101-137

https://doi.org/10.29695/FCJHSS.201106.0005

摘要

本文以清代臺灣自南到北之古文書為史料，以其契中銀幣之統計、分析、比較，再與貨幣史學者之論著互証，以了解清代臺灣流通之外國銀幣之種類，流行時間與地點上之差異。以期解開清代臺灣外國銀幣之種種謎團。本研究結論是清代臺灣確有許多外國銀幣行用，而且臺人非外國銀幣不用。在不同時間流通行用不同銀幣，不同地區也有名稱與種類之差異。而行用的時間是自南，而中，而北，即南部早於北部。在外國銀幣中流通時間最久，流通地域最廣的是佛銀。後來南部出現六八（〦〨）(0.68)佛銀，中部出現七兌(0.70)佛銀。北部沒有六九佛銀之名，而其銀員與銀兩之折算率則為0.69。

關鍵字

臺灣 ； 清代 ； 契約文書 ； 銀幣 ； 佛銀

並列摘要

Based on the antique contracts, this paper investigates, analyzes, and compares silver coins used in transactions in the Qing dynasty in Taiwan. Verified with existing monographs in the history of currency, this paper explores the types of silver coins used by the time, the geographical and temporal variations of their circulation. Together, the findings may unfold manifold mysteries of the foreign silver coins in Taiwanese market in the Qing dynasty.This paper concludes that various types of foreign silver coins were in circulation in the market in Taiwan in the Qing dynasty. Most importantly, foreign silver coins were the only currency used in transactions among Taiwanese, who used different types of silver coins in different periods of time. In different geographical areas, types and names of the silver coins were also different. In a temporal order, the circulation of silver coins spread from the southern Taiwan, to the central Taiwan, and then to the northern Taiwan. This is to say that the circulation of silver coins in the southern Taiwan was earlier than it was in the northern part. Foyin 佛銀 was the type of foreign silver coins circulated for the longest time, and therefore had the widest geographical distribution. Thereafter, liuba foyin 六八佛銀 (0.68) appeared in the southern Taiwan, and qidui foyin 七兌佛銀 (0.70) appeared in the central Taiwan. In the northern Taiwan, although the silver coins were never named as liujiu foyin 六九佛銀, the exchange rate between Chinese silver ingots and the silver coins was 1 to 0.69.

並列關鍵字

Taiwan ； Qing dynasty ； antique contract ； silver coin ； foyin

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