關於《唐詩別裁集》的修訂及其理由—「重訂本」與「初刻本」的比較

沈德潛（1673～1769）一生經歷了清代康熙、雍正、乾隆三朝，作為清代格調派的代表而活躍於當時的詩壇。他精通歷代詩歌的源流正變、盛衰消長，精心選評的《唐詩別裁集》等詩歌集，對當時以及後世都有很大影響。《唐詩別裁集》有他四十三歲時編選的「初刻本」（十卷）和九十歲時重新編訂的「重訂本」（二十卷）。如果對兩者作具體比照，我們就會發現對「初刻本」的修訂範圍極廣，而且對白居易等個別詩人的評價，前後有天壤之別。那麼，「重訂本」的具體修訂內容如何呢？通過這些修訂能看到沈德潛的唐詩觀有什麼變化呢？還有，是什麼理由讓沈德潛在「初刻本」問世將近五十年之後，不顧九十歲的高齡，非得對「初刻本」進行修訂不可呢？探討這些問題是小稿的目的。

關鍵字

沈德潛；《唐詩別裁集》；初刻本；重訂本；白居易

並列摘要

Shen Deqian(沈德潛)(1673-1769) experienced three emperors in his life time: Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong of Qing dynasty. As a representative of literary style Parnassus in the Qing Dynasty, he was active at that time. Well versed in the origins, changes, rise and fall of poetry in different periods, he edited ”Tang Shi Bie Cai Ji” and other collections of poetry producing profound influence now and then. ”Tang Shi Bie Cai ji” is composed of two editions: the original edition containing 10 volumes edited when he was 43 years old; the revised edition containing 20 volumes revised when he was 90 years old. A comparison of the two shows that the original edition includes an extensive range of the poems collected and the comments on them in the two editions are widely different, particularly concerning Bai Juyi (白居易) and other poets. Then, how about the detailed content of the revised edition? Can we find any changes of Shen Deqian's poetics? Moreover, what is the reason behind his motive at the age of 90 to revise the original edition after nearly five decades of its publication? The aim of this paper is to explore these questions.