庚子事變後中日續訂通商行船條約談判

Sino-Japan Negotiation on the Supplementary Treaty of Commerce and Navigation after the Boxer Incident

呂慎華(Shen-Hua Lu)

《逢甲人文社會學報》 43期 (2021/12) Pp. 85-118

摘要

馬關條約規定日本可享有之條約權利，必須以商約進行規範與落實，因此有1896年中日商約之制訂，中國戰敗之餘，仍能堅守主權，使日本並未能在商約中完全實現其條約權益，甚至被迫同意在中國設廠製造產品與中國貨品同等課稅。庚子事變後，日本根據辛丑和約第11條規定，於1902年向中國要求修訂商約，中國儘管面對庚子賠款即將開始償還壓力，但在日人雜居權與裁釐加稅問題上仍始終堅持立場，在其他問題方面亦延續1896年商約談判之精神，以保護主權為優先考量，日本則面對馬凱條約規定在前、以及美國後來居上完成議約之雙重壓力，雙方在部分問題上相互讓步，完成中日修訂商約談判，中國成功保護部分主權，但議約時事權分散、意見不一，結果導致張之洞（1837－1909）、盛宣懷（1844－1916）、袁世凱（1859－1916）、伍廷芳（1842－1922）、呂海寰（1843－1927）等人因此失和。

關鍵字

中日商約 ； 中日關係 ； 盛宣懷 ； 張之洞 ； 袁世凱

並列摘要

The Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between China and Japan was signed in 1896. This Treaty allowed Japan to have the rights of appointing consuls to reside at the designated ports, cities and towns in China. Japanese could live near the ports due to commercial consideration, could rent or purchase houses, could rent lands as so designated in Article VI of the Treaty of Shimonoseki. After the Boxer Incident, Japan renewed its Treaty of Commerce with China in 1903. Trying to get as much as the Treaty allowed, Japan expanded its rights, some of which they could not obtained in the Treaty of 1896. China, as usual, tried its best to avoid Japan's gaining too much, especially when Japan claimed that their nationals should have been permitted to live all across China without any limitations, and forced China to open Peking as a port for commerce. In the meantime, Japan was not willingly to discuss the issue of raising tariff, which was the most important, maybe the only achievement that China wished to win. The result was that China and Japan made a compromise with each other and signed the Supplementary Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between each other in 1903. This is just because Japan did not want to fall behind the United States in signing the contract, and China wished to levy the newly raised tariff as soon as possible. But four of the Chinese commissioners appointed for the negotiation blamed each other for not respecting, even insulting, each other's efforts, which almost jeopardized the signing.

並列關鍵字

The Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between China and Japan ； Sino-Japan relations ； Yuan Shih-k'ai ； Chang Chih-tung ； Sheng Hsuan-huai

參考文獻

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