試論《史記．魯仲連鄒陽列傳》敘事內涵與合傳緣因

"The Book of Historical Records: Lu Zhonglian/Zou Yang Biographies": The Narrative Connotations and the Causes of Their Combined Biographies

黃世錦(Shi-jin Huang)

《逢甲人文社會學報》 45期 (2022/12) Pp. 1-48

摘要

《史記．魯仲連鄒陽列傳》，魯仲連活動於戰國末年，鄒陽為西漢初人，因其時代間隔，事蹟亦不相類，故對二者合傳原因，歷來眾說紛紜，學者意見莫衷一是。有主魯仲連有〈遺燕將書〉，鄒陽有〈獄中上梁孝王書〉，故史公加以合傳者；有主二人同為「齊人」，地域背景同而合傳者；有主二人「性情同」，均具「排難解紛」情操而合傳者。此外，對史公將其合傳，學者有表示贊同和稱譽者；亦有表示無法理解史公合傳意圖，甚以本篇為其編撰草率不當者。本文藉由《史記》本傳敘事內涵深入分析，《史記》相關篇章資料「互見」線索，《漢書．賈鄒枚路傳》間印證發明，除發微本傳其敘事內涵，清晰二者人物事蹟與行止，呈現說士高明談辯游說技巧外；立足前人研究基礎上，文中將史公合傳原因，歸納為「齊人同」、「游士同」、「遭際同」、「說術同」、「志行同」5點。

關鍵字

《史記》 ； 《漢書》 ； 魯仲連 ； 鄒陽 ； 梁孝王

並列摘要

In The Book of Historical Records: Lu Zhonglian/Zou Yang Biographies, Lu Zhonglian was active in the late Warring States period and Zou Yang was a native of the early Western Han Dynasty. Because of the time gap between the two men and the fact that their stories are not similar, there are divergent views as to why their stories were combined among the scholars over the years. Some suggest that since Lu Zhonglian had a book entitled "The Book of the Remains of General Yan" and Zou Yang had a book entitled "The Book of King Xiao of the Liang State in Prison", Shi Gong combined their stories. There are those who argue that they were both "Qi people" and shared the same geographical background. Aiso, others argue that they were "of the same temperament" and shared the same sentiment of "solving difficulties and disputes". There are also scholars who agree with and praise Shi Gong for he combined the two men's biographies, while others say that they do not understand Shi Gong's intention of joining the two people's biographies, and they even say that the work was a hasty and inappropriate compilation. After an in-depth analysis of the narrative content of The Book of Historical Records, we can find that the relevant chapters of The Book of Historical Records "intersect" with each other. The Book of Han: The Biography of Jia Zoumai, which is an inter-textual reference to the invention of the Book of Historical Records, clarifies the narrative connotations of the combined biographies, as well as the personalities and actions of both to demonstrate the skill of the lobbyist. In addition to the fact that the book is based on previous research, this paper summarizes the reasons for the unification of the two biographies into five points: "the same people from the Qi", "the same traveller", "the same encounter", "the same storytelling techniques", and "the same aspirations and behaviour".

並列關鍵字

The Book of Historical Records ； The Book of Han ； Lu Zhonglian ； Zou Yang ； King Xiao of the Liang State

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