家禽傳染性支氣管炎台灣一型減毒疫苗之評估

Evaluation of an Attenuated TW I Infectious Bronchitis Vaccine

黃元品(Yuan-Pin Huang) ； 張婉純(Wan-Chan Chang) ； 王金和(Ching-Ho Wang)

《臺灣獸醫學雜誌》 31卷3期 (2005/09) Pp. 148-154

https://doi.org/10.7009/TVJ.200509.0148

摘要

家禽傳染性支氣管炎病毒（Avian infectious bronchitis virus, IBV）由於血清型眾多，因此進口的IBV疫苗並不能完全保護雞隻不受台灣毒株的感染發病，故本研究藉由選取台灣本士分離株，以雞胚胎連續繼代減毒後，交付廠商製成疫苗進行測試，以解決目前傳統疫苗保護力不足的問題。將所選取的己繼代75代之台灣一型減毒病毒株，進行病毒力價測定、安全試驗、抗體力價試驗及攻毒試驗，結果顯示10^2.3、10^3.3、10^4.3EID50/隻的免疫劑量對3至10日齡小雞皆不具有致病性。以10^2.3、10^3.3、10^4.3EID50/隻的劑量免疫試驗組後的中和指數皆大於法規規定值，而對照組中和指數皆小於規定值。並且在其中並無測到新城病及家禽流行性感冒的病毒核酸。綜合上述結果，此繼代減毒病毒株2575/98有潛力可以作為一良好的減毒疫苗毒株。

關鍵字

減毒疫苗 ； 台灣一型 ； 家禽傳染性支氣管炎

並列摘要

Due to the variations in serotypes among different strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus ( IBV), vaccination of chickens with imported vaccines failed to completely protect them from local IBV infection. Therefore, to evaluate an attenuated vaccine derived from Taiwan Group I (TW I ) strain was the purpose of this study. A local TW I strain IBV 2575/98, having been passaged 75 times through specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken embryos, was used for the vaccine production and evaluation. The safety and the efficacy of this attenuated strain were tested in SPF chickens. The results indicated that this strain at 10^2.3, 10^3.3, or 1 0^4.3EID50/dose was not pathogenic to 3-to-10day-old chicks. After vaccination in SPF chickens, the neutralization indexes in vaccinated with 10^2.3, 10^3.3, or 1 0^4.3EID50/dose were greater than 2, and in control groups were lower than 1. No bacteria, Newcastle disease virus, or avian influenza virus contamination was found in this attenuated vaccine preparation. In conclusion, the attenuated IBV 2575/98 could be used as a vaccine for controlling IBV infection in chickens.

並列關鍵字

Attenuated vaccine ； Infectious bronchitis ； Taiwan Group I