家禽傳染性支氣管炎台灣二型減毒疫苗之評估

Evaluation of an Attenuated TW II Infectious Bronchitis Vaccine

黃元品(Yuan-Pin Huang) ； 張婉純(Wan-Chan Chang) ； 王金和(Ching-Ho Wang)

《臺灣獸醫學雜誌》 32卷2期 (2006/06) Pp. 123-128

https://doi.org/10.7009/TVJ.200606.0123

摘要

由於傳染性支氣管炎病毒（Infectious bronchitis virus. IBV）的血清型眾多，因此進口的IBV疫苗並不能完全保護雞隻不受台灣毒株的感染發病，故本研究藉由選取台灣本土分離株，以雞胚胎連續繼代減毒後，交付廠商製成疫苗進行測試，以解決目前傳統疫苗保護力不足的問題。將所選取的已繼代76代之台灣二型減毒病毒株，進行病毒力價測定、安全試驗、抗體力價試驗及攻毒試驗，結果顯示10^（2.0）、10^（3.0）、10^（4.0）、10^（5.0） EID（下標 50）／隻的免疫劑量對3日齡小雞皆不具有致病性。10^（2.0）、10^（3.0）、10^（4.0） EID（下標 50）／隻的劑量免疫試驗組後的中和指數皆大於法規規定值，而對照組中和指數小於規定值。並且在製成的冷凍乾燥疫苗中並無檢測到活菌，亦無檢測到新城病及家禽流行性感冒的病毒核酸。綜合上述結果，此繼代減毒病毒株2296/95有潛力可以作為良好的減毒疫苗毒株。

關鍵字

減毒疫苗 ； 台灣二型 ； 傳染性支氣管炎

並列摘要

Due to the variations in serotypes among different strains of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), vaccination of chickens with imported vaccines failed to completely protect them from local IBV infection. Therefore, to evaluate an attenuated vaccine was the purpose of this study. A local TW II strain IBV 2296/95, having been passaged 76 times through specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken embryos, was used for the vaccine production and evaluation. The safety, efficacy, and the antibody titer of this attenuated strain were tested in SPF chickens. The results indicated that this strain at 10^(2.0), 10^(3.0), 10^(4.0), or 10^(5.0) EID(subscript 50)/dose was not pathogenic to 3-day-old chicks. After vaccination in SPF chickens, the neutralization indexes in groups vaccinated with 10^(2.0), 10^(3.0), or 10^(4.0) EID(subscript 50)/dose were greater than 2, and those in control groups were lower than 1. No bacteria, Newcastle disease virus, or avian influenza virus contamination was found in this attenuated vaccine preparation. In conclusion, the att enuated IBV 2296/95 has potential for controlling TW II IBV infection in chickens.

並列關鍵字

attenuated vaccine ； infectious bronchitis ； Taiwan Group II