- 期刊
台灣金融部門的改革與競爭力
Financial Sector Reforms and Competitiveness in Taiwan
摘要
一個國家的金融產業發展，攸關一國未來的經濟發展與成長。台灣經歷二次金融改革，已大幅改善金融機構的經營體質，金融機構也逐漸朝向具規模且有效率的大型區域化銀行或金控公司發展。雖然金融改革已有顯著成效，但根據瑞士洛桑管理學院與世界經濟論壇所公佈台灣在金融產業競爭力指標的排名，表現卻不盡理想。本文利用GTAP資料庫計算台灣金融產業的顯示性比較利益指數及產業關聯程度，所得到的結果發現台灣在非保險的金融服務業與保險業的顯示性比較利益指數低於全世界平均數值，並不存在比較利益，因此如何利用當前優勢產業來帶動金融產業競爭力的提升，將是台灣未來經濟發展的重要議題。 在朝向區域金融中心發展方面，我們發現台灣目前在金融技術、政府效能、基礎設施、及稅制四個層面的表現，在11個選定的亞洲主要國家中，均落後於香港、新加坡、及馬來西亞。因此，目前台灣離成為區域金融中心各項條件尚有一大段落差，但隨著金融市場全球化的趨勢發展，逐漸使各國競爭的金融環境產生變革，台灣如能致力改善其金融環境條件，強化競爭優勢，長遠來看，相信未來必能在區域金融中心的競爭位置中處於領先地位。
並列摘要
The development of Taiwan's financial industry plays a critical role in its economic development and growth. Having gone through two financial reforms, Taiwan has significantly improved the business structure of its financial institutions. Whilst remarkable achievements have been seen from the financial reform, Taiwan's performance in the global ranking of international competitiveness, published by IMD and WEF, was barely satisfactory. The objective of this paper is to examine how Taiwan performs in these factors and, on that basis, assess its competitiveness as a financial center in Asia. In analyzing the competitiveness of financial industry of major countries, we adopt the Global Trade Analysis Project database to calculate comparative advantage. Comparison of the 11 selected economies, Taiwan's financial industry does not exist comparative advantage. As a result, the existing financial industry also need to be combined with other manufacturing industries to accelerate its development, and further make more contribution to Taiwan's overall economic development. Moving toward the goal of becoming a regional financial center, Taiwan, as we noticed, is still behind Hong Kong, Singapore and Malaysia in the four major areas of financial technology, government effectiveness, infrastructure and taxation system. Therefore, Taiwan should continue to further strengthen its competitive advantages and to improve other areas such as enhancing the financial market structure, developing professional experts in international banking and information technology and improving soundness of banks, etc. In addition, Taiwan should continue to solidify and strengthen its advantages to cope with increasing challenges from globalization.