反應時間理論應用在網球選手動作能力之探討

The Application of Response Time Theory to Motor Proficiency of Tennis Players

李昇家(Sheng-Chia Lee) ； 朱文慶(Wew-Ching Chu) ； 呂德慶(Te-Ching Lu)

《高應科大體育》 9期 (2010/11) Pp. 39-46

https://doi.org/10.29889/KUASPE.201011.0004

摘要

網球運動是屬於開放性的動作技能，其需對刺激之線索做出適當的反應，包括來球的方向、位置、高度及人的移動等時間與空間的狀態加以反應，因此，本文的主要目的在探討網球相關動作對反應時間之能力的影響狀態。透過文獻分析的方法，將所蒐集之文獻加以歸納、分析及比較，並從中探討訊息處理理論、反應時間的理論、影響反應時間之因素、網球選手的動作能力之文獻及其影響因素。結語：影響反應時間的因素可分為反應執行前的個體狀態因素及刺激與反應間的變化因素等二類；而網球的動作型態包括發球、接發球、正手著地球、反手著地球、正手截擊、反手截擊及高壓扣球等，若就反應時間的觀點及影響因素，皆可形成技術與戰術的依據。如發球前期的變化與發球方向的相容性應用、增加接發球選擇數目的變化等進攻與防守的動作，皆可做為延遲對手反應時間，進而增加控制比賽節奏的策略應用。經由本文的介紹希望能提供網球選手或教練在訓練上之參考。

關鍵字

訊息處理 ； 反應時間 ； 網球

並列摘要

Open motor skills are used in the sport of tennis that requires proper responses to stimulating clues, such as the direction, position and height of the ball, the movement of players, as well as other spatial and time conditions. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of relevant tennis movement on the response time. A documentary analysis method was adopted in this study to summarize, analyze and compare the collected documents to explore the message handling theory, response time theory, factors that affect the response time, motor proficiency of tennis players and the influential factors. The following conclusion was obtained: The factors that affect the response time may be divided into two categories, which are individual state factors prior to response execution and changing factors between stimuli and responses. The types of tennis movement include serve, serve receive, forehand ground stroke, backhand ground stroke, forehand volley, backhand volley, overhead smash and so on. Techniques and tactics can be developed based on the perspective of the response time and its influential factors. For example, the integration between the changes at the initial stage of a tennis serve and the direction of the serve, the increase in the options to receive a serve, and other changes in the offense and defense may delay the opponent's response time and further control the pace and rhythm of the match. It is hoped that this study may provide a reference for tennis players and coaches in training.

並列關鍵字

message handling ； response time ； tennis